污水处理厂活性污泥工艺中微型动物的生活习性、功能作用、研究方法与毒性响应  

Biological Habit,Functional Role,Research Method and Toxicity Response of Microfauna in Activated Sludge Process in WWTP

作　　者：仲悦宁 杨昊憬 张逸博 吴振兵 党晨原 付杰 ZHONG Yuening;YANG Haojing;ZHANG Yibo;WU Zhenbing;DANG Chenyuan;FU Jie(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第5期18-34,共17页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(91851110,52100217);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2020CFA106,2021CFB016)。

摘　　要：微型动物(原生动物和微型后生动物)是污水处理厂活性污泥微生物群落的重要组成部分。活性污泥工艺的运行状态直接决定了微型动物的种群组成,反之,微型动物也会影响到生物工艺的处理效率。微型动物具有指示、促进絮凝和净化出水等功能,并且可以通过捕食优化细菌群落改善活性污泥工艺处理效率。因此,对于活性污泥微型动物的研究具有重要的科学和实践意义。文中对活性污泥微型动物的生活习性和功能作用进行了系统综述,在此基础上,介绍了常见的微型动物群落研究方法和个体分离培养方法,并且详细介绍了毒性物质对微型动物的影响以及微型动物对部分污染物质的降解去除能力。文章提供的信息可以为后续的活性污泥微型动物研究工作提供一定的新思路和新启发。Microfauna(protozoan and micrometazoan)is an important part of activated sludge microbial community in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).The operational status of activated sludge process has directly determined the composition of microfauna community,and conversely,microfauna can affect the treatment efficiency of biological process.Microfauna can indicate the process treatment efficiency,promote flocculation and purify effluent.They can,as well as,optimize bacterial community by predation to improve treatment efficiency of activated sludge process.Therefore,the research on activated sludge microfauna has important scientific and practical significance.This paper systematically reviews the biological habit and function role of activated sludge microfauna.On this basis,common research methods on microfauna community and individual isolation and culture are detailedly introduced.Moreover,the influence of toxicants on microfauna and the ability of microfauna to degrade some pollutants are also described in detail.This paper can provide some new ideas and inspiration for the follow-up research on activated sludge microfauna.

关 键 词：活性污泥 原生动物 微型后生动物 指示作用 毒性响应 污水处理厂 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]