生物质电厂底渣对微污染原水处理效果的影响  

Influence of Biomass Ash Residues of Power Plant on Treatment Effectiveness for Micro-Polluted Raw Water

作　　者：阳子杰 陶红[1] 李飞鹏[1] 俞海祥 谢思雨 贾玉宝 YANG Zijie;TAO Hong;LI Feipeng;YU Haixiang;XIE Siyu;JIA Yubao(School of Environment and Architecture,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;Taicang Zhicheng Construction Co.,Ltd.,Suzhou 215400,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学环境与建筑学院,上海200093 [2]太仓市至城建设有限公司,江苏苏州215400

出　　处：《净水技术》2024年第5期166-175,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：上海市科委部分地方院校能力建设专项(22010502900);宁波市科技计划项目(2021S048)。

摘　　要：针对生物质电厂底渣(BAR)的处理处置问题,采用磁力除铁并用多层筛网同步筛分机进行磁选、筛分、清洗工艺得到不同粒径(L1:0.25~0.50 mm、L2:0.50~1.00 mm、L3:1.00~2.00 mm、L4:2.00~4.00 mm、L5:4.00~8.00 mm)的BAR样品,并通过搭建快速小型柱测试(RSSCT)装置对微污染原水进行净化试验,以明晰不同粒径BAR对水质净化效果的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)等手段对BAR进行了表征,并以15 d内出水浑浊度、化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))、总磷(TP)和氨氮等指标评价了其去污性能。结果表明:L2、L3对原水的处理效果整体较为优异,15 d内出水浑浊度、COD_(Cr)、TP的平均去除率分别达到88%、40%、35%以上,这与BAR的吸附作用及微生物降解有关;L4、L5等大颗粒因填充密度小、系统氧气充足,从而促进硝化细菌的生物活性,在运行后期(11~15 d)对氨氮的去除率最高可达到95%以上;而L1的粒径过小导致其容重、填充密度较大,在运行过程中会出现水流断层、氧气缺乏、微生物活性不足等现象,阻碍了对原水中各类污染物的去除效果。此外,经柠檬酸-壳聚糖复合改性得到的M-L2,相较于L2,对原水中COD_(Cr)、TP的平均去除率分别由42.05%、40.97%增至80.28%、60.36%,提升效果显著,与市售填料沸石、陶粒等水平相当,且成本更为低廉。研究结果为不同粒径BAR的高值化应用以及改性BAR在微污染原水预处理技术的发展提供一定的数据支撑。The treatment and disposal of biomass ash residues(BAR)were investigated in this study.The BAR with different particle sizes(i.e.,L1 with a range of 0.25~0.50 mm,L2 of 0.50~1.00 mm,L3 of 1.00~2.00 mm,L4 of 2.00~4.00 mm and L5 of 4.00~8.00 mm)were obtained by magnetic separation,screening,and cleaning via a multi-layer mesh synchronous screening machine.The effect of particle size of BAR on the purification effectiveness of micro-polluted water was verified by rapid small-scale column tests(RSSCT).The characterizations of BAR were detected by the scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),respectively.The adsorption effectiveness was evaluated via outflow turbidity,chemical oxygen demand(COD_(Cr)),and the content of total phosphorus(TP)and ammonia nitrogen within 15 days.The results showed that the L2 and L3 possessed superiority purification effectiveness,of which the average removal rates of outflow turbidity,COD_(Cr),and TP reached over 88%,40%and 35%,respectively due to the higher adsorption capability of BAR and microbial degradation.The rejection effectiveness of ammonia nitrogen of L4 and L5 with large particle size reached 95%due to the improved biological activity of nitrifying bacteria as their low filling density and sufficient oxygen content in the later stage of operation(11~15 days).However,the bulk density and filling density of L1 with the smallest particle size were relatively high.Therefore,the water flow faults,oxygen deficiency,and insufficient microbial activity occurred,hindering the removal of various pollutants in the raw water.In addition,the M-L2,modified by citric acid and chitosan,increased the removal rates of COD_(Cr) and TP in raw water from 42.05%and 40.97%to 80.28%and 60.36%,respectively compared to L2.The improved effectiveness of M-L2 was comparable with that of common packings(i.e.,zeolite and ceramsite)on the market and the cost was lower.The research results provide certain support for the high-value application o

关 键 词：生物质电厂底渣 粒径 填料 改性 微污染原水 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]