钻具熔切用铝热剂及其喷射机构研制  

Development of Thermite and Its Injection Mechanism for Drilling Tool Melting and Cutting

作　　者：徐建超 何超 李枝林 庞东晓 敬俊[3] XU Jianchao;HE Chao;LI Zhilin;PANG Dongxiao;JING Jun(Drilling&Production Engineering Technology Research Institute,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Guanghan,Sichuan 618300,China;Science and Information Department,CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Chengdu,Sichuan 610000,China;School of Mechatronic Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司钻采工程技术研究院 [2]中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司科技信息部 [3]西南石油大学机电工程学院

出　　处：《钻采工艺》2024年第3期129-133,共5页Drilling & Production Technology

基　　金：中国石油集团公司川庆钻探工程有限公司科技项目“高温熔融井下钻具内切割工具研制”(编号:CQXN-2021-04)。

摘　　要：为实现管柱的快速解卡,采用铝热药剂燃烧产生的高能火焰经特殊的喷射机构引流后,对遇卡管柱实施快速环向熔融,是深井管柱遇卡故障高效快速处置的重要手段之一。文章结合大量地面金属板熔融穿透烧蚀测试,研发了适用于管柱熔融切割作业的专用铝热药剂,同时根据喷射火焰特征,研制了可对火焰实现径向引流作用的喷射机构,并开展了实验测试。实验结果表明:专用铝热药剂对金属板具有较强的烧蚀穿透能力,采用直径38 mm、高90 mm的铝热剂药柱在5 s内实现了厚度12 mm金属板的有效熔融穿透。喷射机构对轴向高速火焰经过流孔加速和引流面径向转向后,可完成对管柱的360°环向全覆盖,保证了管柱环向熔融切割的顺利实施。该研究为高温熔融井下钻具内切割工具的研制提供了重要技术支撑,为遇卡管柱高效快速切割技术的形成奠定了关键基础。In order to free the stuck drill string rapidly,the high energy flame generated by thermite combustion is diverted by a special jet mechanism to carry out rapid circular melting of stuck pipe string,which is one of the important means of efficient and rapid release of stuck pipe string in deep wells.In this paper,combined with the ground melting penetration and ablation test of a large number of metal plates,a special thermite agent suitable for the melting and cutting operation of the pipe string was developed,at the same time,a ejecting mechanism that can realize radial drainage of the flame was developed according to the characteristics of the jet flame,and experimental tests were carried out.Experimental results show that:the thermite has strong ablative penetration ability to the metal plate,and the effective melting penetration of the metal plate with a thickness of 12 mm can be achieved within 5 s by using the thermite agent column with a diameter of 38 mm and a height of 90 mm.After the ejecting mechanism accelerates the axial high-speed flame through the flow hole and turns radially on the drainage surface,it can complete the 360°circumferential full coverage of the pipe string,which ensures the smooth implementation of the circumferential melting cutting of the pipe string.This research provides important technical support for the development of cutting tools within the drilling tools in high temperature molten downhole,and lays a key foundation for the formation of efficient and rapid cutting technology for tubular columns in distress.

关 键 词：钻具解卡 高温熔融 铝热剂 引流喷射 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]