低蛋白质氨基酸平衡饲粮添加谷氨酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液抗氧化和免疫指标的影响  

Effects of Low-protein Amino Acid Balanced Diet Supplemented with Glutamate on Growth Performance,Blood Antioxidant and Immune Indicators of Weaned Piglets

作　　者：刘景[1] 方桂友[1] 缪伏荣[1] 叶鼎承[1] 林长光[1,2] 董志岩 LIU Jing;FANG Guiyou;MIAO Furong;YE Dingchen;LIN Changguang;DONG Zhiyan(Institute of Animal Husbandry and Vetarinary Medicine,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China;Fujian Guanghua Best Eco-agriculture Development Co.Ltd.,Fuzhou,Fujian 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建光华百斯特生态农牧发展有限公司,福建福州350003

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第5期24-29,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：福建省科技计划公益专项(2020R10260011);福建省科技重大专项专题(2021NZ029023-5)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究较大幅度降低饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)水平,平衡必需氨基酸并添加谷氨酸对断奶仔猪生长性能、血液抗氧化和免疫指标的影响。试验选用144头杜长大杂交仔猪,随机分成3组,每组6个重复,每个重复8头猪,试验期16 d。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲粮CP水平为21.16%,Ⅱ组饲粮CP水平为15.97%,补充必需氨基酸(EAA)赖氨酸(Lys)、蛋氨酸(Met)、苏氨酸(Thr)、色氨酸(Trp)、缬氨酸(Val)和异亮氨酸(Ile),Ⅲ组为Ⅱ组+谷氨酸(Glu)。结果表明,仔猪平均日增重(ADG)Ⅱ组显著低于Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组仔猪腹泻率显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组显著低于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组极显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.01)。Ⅲ组血浆总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。血浆免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量Ⅲ组显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P<0.05),Ⅱ组血浆IL-10含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。综上,断奶后饲喂低蛋白质氨基酸平衡并添加谷氨酸的饲粮能够提高断奶仔猪生长性能、减少腹泻、增强机体抗氧化和免疫功能。This study was conducted to investigate the effects of highly reducing dietary crude protein level,balancing essential amino acids and supplementing glutamate on the growth performance,blood antioxidant and immune indicators of weaned piglets.144 healthy crossbred piglets(Duroc×Landrace×Large White)were selected and randomly divided into 3 treatments,6 replicates in each treatment and 8 piglets in each replicate.The experiment lasted for 16 days.Group Ⅰ was the control group,the dietary CP level was 21.16%;group Ⅱ was fed a low-protein diet with 15.97%dietary CP level,supplemented with essential amino acids(EAA)Lys,Met,Thr,Trp,Val and Ile as required;group Ⅲ was supplemented with glutamate(Glu)on the basis of group Ⅱ.The results showed that the ADG of weaned piglets in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅲ(P<0.05).The diarrhea rate of piglets in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),that of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that of group Ⅱ(P<0.05)and extremely lower than that of group Ⅱ(P<0.01).The concentration of plasma total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ,respectively(P<0.05).The concentration of plasma immunoglobulin A(IgA),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM)and interleukin-10(IL-10)in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than those in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ(P<0.05),the concentration of plasma interleukin-10(IL-10)in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05).In conclusion,feeding low-protein diet supplemented with essential amino acids and glutamate after weaning could improve growth performance of weaned piglets,reduce diarrhea,enhance antioxidant and immune functions.

关 键 词：谷氨酸 生长性能 血液抗氧化 免疫指标 低蛋白质饲粮 断奶仔猪 

分 类 号：S828.5[农业科学—畜牧学]