草地放牧藏绵羊不同月份肉品质及脂肪酸特征分析  

Analysis of Meat Quality and Fatty Acid Characteristics of Tibetan Sheep Grazed on Grassland in Different Months

作　　者：刘秀 魏红 史浩 沙玉柱 王继卿 李少斌 吕卫兵 郭新羽 蒲小宁 罗玉柱 LIU Xiu;WEI Hong;SHI Hao;SHA Yuzhu;WANG Jiqing;LI Shaobin;L Weibing;GUO Xinyu;PU Xiaoning;LUO Yuzhu(College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院/甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第5期35-43,共9页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：甘肃省高等学校创新基金(2020A-52);甘肃农业大学青年导师扶持基金(GAU-QDFC-2018-11);甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点试验室开放课题(GKLAB-201601)。

摘　　要：为研究自然放牧环境下不同时期藏绵羊肉品质的变化特征,对4月、6月、8月和12月藏绵羊各部位肉品质指标、常规营养成分及脂肪酸组成特征进行分析。结果表明,不同时期藏绵羊肌肉常规指标及营养成分存在差异,4月份羊肉的剪切力、pH 1 h、肉色24 h和脂肪含量显著低于8月份(P<0.05);4月的失水率极显著高于8月(P<0.01);6月份的熟肉率显著高于其它月份(P<0.05);不同时期羊肉营养成分分析结果显示4月的水分、灰分在不同部位中显著高于6月和8月(P<0.05);6月份的粗蛋白含量显著高于其它月份(P<0.05)。不同时期脂肪酸测定结果显示肉豆蔻酸(C14:0)、十七烷酸(C17:0)在12月份不同部位肌肉中最高,显著高于4月(P<0.05);十五烷酸(C15:0)、肉豆蔻稀酸(C14:1)以及7种PUFA均在4月不同部位肌肉中最高;棕榈酸(C16:0)、棕榈油酸(C16:1)、油酸(C18:1n9c)在8月不同部位肌肉中最高,与4月差异显著(P<0.05);总PUFA、PUFA/SFA、n-3 PUFA、n-6 PUFA和n-6/n-3 PUFA均为4月不同部位中含量显著高于其它时期(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,放牧藏绵羊不同时期肉品质存在一定的差异,且在8月时肉质是一年中较理想时期,可作为最佳出栏参考时间。In order to study the characteristics of meat quality of Tibetan sheep in different periods under natural grazing environment,the meat quality indexes,conventional nutritional components and fatty acid composition characteristics of each part of Tibetan sheep ewes in April,June,August and December were analyzed.The results showed that there were differences in the routine indexes and nutritional components of the muscles of different parts of Tibetan sheep at different time.the shear force,pH 1 h,meat color 24 h,and fat in April were significantly lower than those in August(P<0.05).The water loss rate in April was significantly higher than that in August(P<0.01).The cooked meat rate and protein content in June were significantly higher than those of other months(P<0.05).The results of nutrient composition analysis of mutton in different periods showed that the water and ash content in April was significantly higher in different parts than in June and August(P<0.05).Crude protein content in June was significantly higher than that in other months(P<0.05).Fatty acid determination results in different periods show myristic acid(C14:0)and heptadecanoic acid(C17:0)were the highest in different parts of the muscles in December,which was significantly higher than that in April(P<0.05);pentadecanoic acid(C15:0)and myristic acid Dilute acid(C14:1)and 7 kinds of PUFA were highest in different parts of muscle in April;palmitic acid(C16:0),palmitoleic acid(C16:1),oleic acid(C18:1n9c)were the highest in different parts of muscle in August,which was significantly different from April(P<0.05);total PUFA,PUFA/SFA,n-3 PUFA,n-6 PUFA and n-6/n-3 PUFA were all significantly higher in different parts in April than in other periods(P<0.05).In summary,there are certain differences in the meat quality of grazing Tibetan sheep in different periods.August is the time when the meat quality is ideal,which can be used as the best reference time for slaughter.

关 键 词：藏绵羊 肉品质 营养成分 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S826.92[农业科学—畜牧学]