亚热带地区冬季母猪舍通风参数及应用效果研究  

Ventilation Parameters and Application Effect of Pregnant Piggery in Subtropical Region in Winter

作　　者：胡孝艳 沈盼 李修松 崔维浩 李保明 冯晓龙 庞超 HU Xiaoyan;SHEN Pan;LI Xiusong;CUI Weihao;LI Baoming;FENG Xiaolong;PANG Chao(Qingdao Big Herdsman Machinery Co.,Ltd,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China;Jimo District Bei’an Street Office,Qingdao,Shandong 266000,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大牧人机械股份有限公司,山东青岛266000 [2]青岛市即墨区北安街道办事处,山东青岛266000 [3]农业农村部设施农业工程重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2024年第5期65-72,共8页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2018YFD0500700)。

摘　　要：为解决亚热带地区气候条件下猪舍冬季必要通风量设计不合理而导致的猪舍气体污染物浓度较高,猪只呼吸道疾病频发等问题,本文采用理论分析和现场试验相结合的方法,以广西地区一密闭式机械通风妊娠母猪舍为例,根据热量平衡、湿度平衡和CO_(2)平衡进行理论计算与分析,确定其冬季必要通风量,并对该通风量下试验猪舍的热环境、空气质量环境及通风效率进行实测分析。结果表明,亚热带地区猪舍冬季必要通风量的设计应以舍内热量平衡为主要依据,猪舍必要通风量理论值为81 m^(3)/h,该通风量下,试验猪舍内温度、相对湿度等热环境参数均满足妊娠母猪生产需求,NH_(3)、CO_(2)、PM2.5、PM10等空气质量环境参数均远低于国标要求,温湿度场及舍内有害气体分布均匀,通风效率较高。因此,该计算方法可为亚热带地区冬季猪舍内环境调控提供参考依据。In order to address the issue of high concentration of pollutants in pig houses and respiratory diseases in pigs due to the unreasonable design of winter ventilation quantity under subtropical climate conditions,this study combined theoretical analysis with on-site experiments.A closed mechanical ventilation pregnant sow house in Guangxi was selected as an example.According to the theoretical calculations and analyses of heat balance,humidity balance,and CO_(2) balance,the necessary winter ventilation quantity was determined.The thermal environment,air quality,and ventilation efficiency of the experimental pig house under this ventilation quantity were then measured and analyzed.The results indicated that the design of winter ventilation quantity for pig houses in subtropical regions should primarily be based on internal heat balance.The theoretical value of necessary ventilation quantity for the pig house was 81 m^(3)/h.Under this ventilation rate,the thermal environment parameters such as temperature and relative humidity in the experimental pig house meet the production requirements for pregnant sows.The air quality parameters such as NH_(3),CO_(2),PM2.5,PM10 were significantly lower than national standards.The temperature and humidity,and the harmful gases inside the house were evenly distributed,with high ventilation efficiency.Therefore,this calculation method could serve as a reference for environmental regulation in pig houses during winter in subtropical regions.

关 键 词：垂直通风 最小通风 空气质量 通风效率 

分 类 号：S828.44[农业科学—畜牧学]