汉江上游平水期浮游植物群落特征及水质生物评价  

Phytoplankton Community Structure and Water Quality Assessment in the Upper Hanjiang River During a Normal Water Period

作　　者：徐沙 郭嘉伟 胡恩 穆琳 孙长顺 潘保柱 XU Sha;GUO Jia-wei;HU En;MU Lin;SUN Chang-shun;PAN Bao-zhu(Shaanxi Provincial Research Academy of Environmental Science,Xi'an 710061,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Ecological Water Conservancy in the Northwest Arid Area,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省环境科学研究院,陕西西安710061 [2]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第3期148-155,共8页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021SF-508);(2021SF-506);(2023-YBSF-536)。

摘　　要：探究平水期汉江上游浮游植物群落结构特征和水质状况,为汉江上游水源涵养区水生态环境管理提供参考。于2020年4月对汉江汉中段干流及11条主要支流的浮游植物和水体理化指标进行调查分析。结果显示:汉江汉中段干支流共检出浮游植物6门35属51种,物种组成为硅藻-绿藻型,优势种为小环藻(Cyclotella sp.)、舟形藻(Navicula sp.)、尖针杆藻(Synedra acus)、箱型桥弯藻(Cymbella cistula)、棒胶藻(Rhabdogloea sp.)、二角多甲藻(Peridinium bipes)、四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricauda)以及卵形隐藻(Cryptomonas ovata)。浮游植物细胞密度为0.39×10^(6)~3.59×10^(6)个/L,生物量为0.39~3.49 mg/L。Shannon多样性指数(0.64~2.15)和Pielou均匀度指数(0.28~0.81)变化趋势一致,干流略低于支流。结合水体理化指标、营养状态指数、污染指示种以及多样性指数对水质进行综合评价,汉江汉中段干支流处于轻度污染~α-中污染状况,营养状态为轻度富营养。RDA与Spearman相关性分析表明,TN是影响浮游植物群落结构及动态的主要环境因子。In this study,we explored phytoplankton community structure and evaluated water quality in the Hanzhong section of Hanjiang River during a normal water period,and identified the primary environmental factors affecting phytoplankton.Our aim was to provide a reference for managing the aquatic ecological environment in the water conservation area of the upper Hanjiang River.In April 2020,a phytoplankton investigation was carried out at 15 sampling sites in the Hanzhong section of the Hanjiang River and 11 primary tributaries,focusing on phytoplankton composition,dominant species,density,biomass,and community diversity.Water samples were collected for determination of water physicochemical parameters,including DO,EC,pH,TN,TP,COD_(Mn),and Chl-a.A total of 51 phytoplankton species(variants)from 35 genera and 6 phyla were identified,with absolute dominance by Bacillariophyta(23 species,13 genera)and Chlorophyta(19 species,14 genera),accounting for 45.10%and 37.25% of the total species.The main dominant species were Cyclotella sp.,Navicula sp.,Synedra acus,Cymbella cistula,Rhabdogloea sp.,peridinium bipes,Scenedesmus quadricauda,and Cryptomonas ovata.Phytoplankton density and biomass were in the ranges of 0.39×10^(6)-3.59×10^(6) cells/L and 0.39-3.49 mg/L,with average values of 1.69×10^(6) cells/L and 1.27 mg/L.There were no significant differences in phytoplankton density or biomass between the main stem and tributaries,but biomass in the tributaries was slightly higher.The Shannon diversity and Pielou evenness indices,with ranges of 0.64-2.15 and 0.28-0.81,were both slightly higher in the tributaries.Water quality in the investigated area was compnsively evaluated by combining physicochemical parameter values,the trophic status index,pollution indicator species,and community diversity indices.The results indicate that water quality was in transition from slightly polluted to α-mesosaprobic and was slightly eutrophic.The relationship between phytoplankton and environmental factors was examined using redundancy analy

关 键 词：浮游植物 群落结构 水质评价 平水期 汉江汉中段 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]