铜鱼华双身虫的宿主特异性及其寄生鳃的组织病理学  

Host Specificity of Sindiplozoon coreius and Gill Histopathology of Coreius guichenoti After

作　　者：曹诗宜 杨波 廖小林[2] 朱滨[2] 邹红[1] 李明[1] 吴山功[1] 王桂堂[1] 李文祥[1,3] CAO Shi-yi;YANG Bo;LIAO Xiao-lin;ZHU Bin;ZOU Hong;LI Ming;WU Shan-gong;WANG Gui-tang;LI Wen-xiang(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture,State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430079,P.R.China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,农业部水产养殖病害防控重点实验室,水产品种创制与高效养殖重点实验室(中国科学院),湖北武汉430072 [2]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,湖北武汉430079 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2024年第3期172-177,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-45);国家自然科学基金(32373179)。

摘　　要：圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti)是国家二级保护动物,铜鱼华双身虫(Sindiplozoon coreius)的寄生会引起圆口铜鱼死亡,探明铜鱼华双身虫的致病机理,可为圆口铜鱼的人工驯养、繁殖等提供指导。通过对寄生铜鱼华双身虫的圆口铜鱼鳃进行病理组织切片研究,发现该双身虫的寄生会导致鳃小片相互粘连、鳃小片的上皮细胞增生和酸性粒细胞增多等炎症反应,以及出现鳃丝挤压变形的症状。此外,与圆口铜鱼在同一养殖系统的齐口裂腹鱼(Schizothorax prenanti)和金沙鲈鲤(Percocypris pingi),以及广西壮族自治区西江水系野生的乌原鲤(Procypris mera),均感染了双身虫,形态学和ITS2及COI分子鉴定结果表明它们均为铜鱼华双身虫。研究结果表明铜鱼华双身虫的宿主特异性不高,要避免同一科属的鱼类混养而相互交叉感染。Coreius guichenoti is a rare fish endemic to the upper reaches of Yangtze River.However,a diplozoid parasite has been detected in the gills of C.guichenoti during artificial breeding,seriously affecting breeding and release.In this study,we clarified the pathogenic mechanism of diplozoid parasitism in C.guichenoti cultured in a breeding base,and the diplozoids were identified as Sindiplozoon coreius.Histopathological sections of C.guichenoti gills infected by S.coreius were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and the results show that S.coreius infection caused inflammatory reactions,such as hyperplasia,adhesion and eosinophilia of gill lamellae,as well as gill extrusion and deformation.In addition,diplozoids were found on gills of Schizothorax prenanti and Percocypris pingi from the same rearing system as C.guichenoti,and Procypris mera from the Xijiang River system in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,and all were identified as S.coreius based on morphological and molecular identification.The body size of diplozoids parasitizing the four fish species differed,but the morphological characteristics were identical.When ITS2 was used as marker,sequence similarity of Sindiplozoon parasitizing S.Prenanti,P.pingi and P.mera was over 99% with that parasitizing C.guichenoti,and the sequence similarity was over 96% with another Sindiplozoon species(Sindiplozoon ctenopharyngodoni).When COI was used as marker,the similarity of diplozoids among the four host fish species was 100%.Kimura 2-parameter distance between diplozoids parasitizing the four hosts(0.29-0.84%)were much smaller than those between them and S.ctenopharyngodoni(3.52-4.33%),and all clustered at the base of the phylogenetic tree.Our results suggest that the host specificity of S.coreius is low,and species in the same family or genus should not be cultured in the same rearing system to avoid co-infection.

关 键 词：单殖吸虫 铜鱼华双身虫 组织病理学 宿主特异性 

分 类 号：Q18[生物学—普通生物学]