蒙脱石颗粒的制备及其对La的吸附特性  

Preparation of Montmorillonite Particles and Adsorption Characteristics for La Ions

作　　者：郭超逸 彭陈亮 王观石[1] 舒诗凯 郑嘉辉 罗进 GUO Chao-yi;PENG Chen-liang;WANG Guan-shi;SHU Shi-kai;ZHENG Jia-hui;LUO Jin(School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第2期83-94,共12页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(52004108);江西省科技厅青年基金项目(20192BAB216016);江西省离子型稀土资源绿色开发与高值利用国家重点实验室培育计划项目(20194AFD44003);江西理工大学清江青年英才支持计划项目(JXUSTTQJYX2020009)。

摘　　要：为解决粉状蒙脱石作为吸附剂存在的固液分离困难或吸附柱渗透性低的问题,研究了颗粒化蒙脱石的制备条件、结构性质表征及其对La的吸附特性。研究结果表明,加入蒙脱石质量5%的硅酸钠粘结剂、9%的聚乙烯醇致孔剂,陈化12 h,并在马弗炉中550℃下焙烧2 h,可制得散失率为0.6%,对La离子吸附率为92%的蒙脱石颗粒。蒙脱石颗粒的晶体结构仍保持着层状结构,且阳离子交换容量和比表面积较原始的蒙脱石仅分别下降34 mmol/kg和4.3 m^(2)/g。La^(3+)在蒙脱石颗粒上的吸附过程在1 h后达到平衡,最大吸附量为0.24 mmol/g。伪一级动力学模型和Freundlich吸附等温模型能较好地拟合La^(3+)在蒙脱石颗粒上的吸附过程。In order to solve the problem of difficult solid-liquid separation or low permeability of the adsorption column when powdered montmorillonite is used as an adsorbent, the preparation conditions, structural characterization of montmorillonite granules and their adsorption characteristics for La were studied. The research results show that by adding 5% sodium silicate binder of montmorillonite and 9% polyvinyl alcohol pore-forming agent, aging for 12 h and calcining in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 2 h, the montmorillonite granules with a loss rate of 0.6% and La ion adsorption rate of 92% can be obtained. The crystal structure of montmorillonite particles still maintains a layered structure, and the cation exchange capacity and specific surface area are only reduced by 34 mmol/kg and 4.3 m^(2)/g, respectively, compared with the original montmorillonite. The adsorption process of La^(3+) on the montmorillonite particles reached equilibrium after 1 h, and the maximum adsorption amount was 0.24 mmol/g. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model can better fit the adsorption process of La^(3+) on montmorillonite granules.

关 键 词：蒙脱石 颗粒化 吸附 稀土离子 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]