熔盐电解法制备Y-Ni合金工艺研究  

Study of Y-Ni Alloy Preparation by Molten Salt Electrolysis

作　　者：邱小英 蓝桥发 邱小兵 黄金 QIU Xiao-ying;LAN Qiao-fa;QIU Xiao-bing;HUANG Jin(Jiangxi lonic Rare Earth Engineering Research Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,China;National Engineering Research Center for lonic Rare Earth,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司,江西赣州341000 [2]国家离子型稀土资源高效开发利用工程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第2期105-112,共8页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFB1704705);赣州市科技计划项目(赣市科发[2020]60号)。

摘　　要：以Y_(2)O_(3)为原料、YF_(3)-LiF为熔盐,研究自耗阴极熔盐电解法制备Y-Ni合金,分析电解电压、电解电流对合金成分、电解温度、电解效率和金属收率的影响。在61.5%YF_(3)-38.5%LiF(原子分数)的熔盐体系下,电解电压、电解电流对电解温度影响显著,电解温度过高,稀土金属在熔体中溶解加快,稀土金属氧化、二次反应加剧,合金中钇成分含量、电解效率以及钇金属收率随着电解温度的增加逐渐降低,实验获得的最佳电解条件为:电解电压为7.2 V±0.2 V,电解电流为555 A±5 A,电解温度为1080℃±20℃。通过对Y-Ni合金的表征分析,制备的Y-Ni合金成分较为均匀,无明显偏析现象,合金中Y∶Ni=1∶1(质量比),主要由NiY相和Ni_(2)Y相组成,其中YNi相占比为42.11%,YNi_(2)相占比为57.89%。The Y-Ni alloy was prepared by self-consuming cathode molten salt electrolysis using Y_(2)O_(3) as raw material and YF_(3)-LiF as molten salt, and the effects of electrolysis voltage and current on alloy composition, electrolysis temperature, electrolysis efficiency and metal yield were studied. Under the molten salt system of 61.5%YF_(3)-38.5%LiF(Atomic fraction), the electrolysis voltage and current had significant effects on the electrolysis temperature. The electrolysis temperature was too high, the dissolution of rare-earth metals in the melt was accelerated, the oxidation of rare-earth metals and secondary reactions were intensified, and the Y composition content, electrolysis efficiency and Y metal yield of the alloy gradually decreased with the increase of electrolysis temperature. The optimum electrolysis conditions were obtained as follows: electrolysis voltage is 7.2 V±0.2 V, electrolysis current is 555 A±5 A, and electrolysis temperature is 1080 ℃±20 ℃. Through the characterization analysis of the Y-Ni alloy, the prepared Y-Ni alloy had a relatively uniform composition without obvious segregation. The alloy had Y∶Ni=1∶1(Mass fraction) and was mainly composed of YNi phase and YNi_(2) phase, in which the percentage of YNi phase was 42.11% and the percentage of YNi_(2) phase was 57.89%.

关 键 词：熔盐电解 钇镍合金 YF_(3)-LiF 自耗阴极 

分 类 号：TF845[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]