稀土永磁材料的氧化和腐蚀防护研究进展  

Research Progress on Oxidation and Corrosion Protection of Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Materials

作　　者：肖滕龙 吕贵红 马峥 李孝森 刘夏琳 安士忠 XIAO Teng-long;LYU Gui-hong;MA Zheng;LI Xiao-sen;LIU Xia-lin;AN Shi-zhong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China;Collaborative Innovation Center of Nonferrous Metals,Luoyang 471023,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Materials Science and Processing Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学材料科学与工程学院,河南洛阳471023 [2]有色金属共性技术河南省协同创新中心,河南洛阳471023 [3]河南省有色金属材料科学与加工技术重点实验室,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《稀土》2024年第1期36-46,共11页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51701066);河南省重点研发与推广专项—科技攻关项目(232102231019);河南省大学生创新创业训练计划创新重点项目(202010464032);河南科技大学大学生研究训练计划(SRTP 2020027)。

摘　　要：稀土永磁材料因其特殊的能量转换作用,在航空航天、新能源汽车和风力发电等领域有重要而广泛的应用。然而,由于稀土元素本身比较活泼,稀土永磁材料在高温、潮湿等环境下服役时容易发生氧化和腐蚀,导致其磁性能会急剧下降乃至失效。针对常用的Sm-Co永磁材料和Nd-Fe-B永磁材料,归纳了Sm-Co永磁材料在高温条件下的氧化过程及其模型,总结了Nd-Fe-B永磁材料在高温、湿热环境下发生的氧化、吸氢腐蚀和电化学腐蚀特性,综述了提高磁体自身耐蚀性和涂层防护方面的新进展,并展望了其未来发展的方向。Rare earth permanent magnet materials have important and wide applications in the fields of aerospace,new energy vehicles,and wind power generation due to their special energy conversion effects.However,due to the chemically active nature of rare earth elements,rare earth permanent magnet materials are susceptible to oxidation and corrosion when serving in high temperatures and humid envirnments,resulting in a drastic decrease in their magnetic properties and even failure.For commonly used Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet materials,the oxidation process and its model of Sm-Co permanent magnet materials under high temperature conditions are summarized,the oxidation,hydrogen absorption corrosion,and electrochemical corrosion characteristics of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet materials under high temperature,humid and hot environments are summarized,and the new advances in improving the corrosion resistance of the magnets and the protection of coatings are reviewed,and the direction of its future development is prospected.We also look forward to its future development.

关 键 词：稀土永磁材料 氧化 腐蚀 防护 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]