立法论与解释论的顺位之争——以收买被拐卖的妇女罪为例  

Disputes over the Order of Legislation and Interpretation:Taking the Crime of Buying Abducted Women as an Example

作　　者：车浩[1] Che Hao

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（刑事法学）》2023年第9期124-142,共19页criminal law

摘　　要：当法律的适用结果存疑时,应优先更新解释论而非启动立法论。未穷尽现行法的解释空间之前不轻言修法,是法教义学及其背后的法治立场的基本要求。随着时代变迁,严惩收买被拐卖的妇女犯罪的民意吁求具有正当性。在理论上将收买被拐卖的妇女罪解释为强奸罪、非法拘禁罪、伤害罪等后续犯罪的预备犯,特别是在实践中把握住收买型强奸与普通强奸之间的差异,有利于降低证明难度,实现数罪并罚。当报应刑的正义性可以被解释论满足时,修法的理由就只剩下能否显著提高预防效果。但是,收买被拐买的妇女犯罪的特殊性使得修法能否跨越法律认知、理性选择和盈亏权衡的三重障碍发挥威慑作用存在疑问。作为社会治理体系中的一环,基层执法的问题及其因应策略,应在立法权衡中被同步考量。摒弃立法万能论的执念,重视行动中的法律,追求女性权益保护的实效而非口号,是立法者应当秉持的责任伦理。When the result of the application of the law is in doubt,priority should be given to updating the theory of interpretation rather than starting the theory of legislation.It is a basic requirement of legal dogmatics and the standpoint of the rule of law behind it not to talk about amending the law before exhausting the interpretation space of the current law.With the changing times,public appeals to severely punish bribery crimes are justified.Interpreting the crime of buying abducted women as a preparatory crime for the subsequent criminality of rape,false imprisonment,Intentional,etc.,and especially paying attention to the differences between bribed rape and ordinary rape will help reduce the difficulty of proof and achieve combined punishment for several crimes.When the justice of retribution punishment can be satisfied by the theory of interpretation,the only reason for amending the law is whether it can significantly improve the preventive effect.However,the particularity of the crime of bribery makes it doubtful whether the revision of the law can play a deterrent role across the triple barriers of legal cognition,rational choice,and profit-loss balance.As a part of the social governance system,the problems of grassroots law enforcement and its coping strategies should be considered simultaneously in the legislative trade-offs.Abandoning the obsession with the omnipotence of legislation,attaching importance to the law in action,and pursuing the actual effect of protecting women’s rights and interests rather than slogans is the responsibility ethics that legislators should uphold.

关 键 词：立法论 解释论 收买被拐卖的妇女罪 预备犯 

分 类 号：D924.34[政治法律—刑法学]