“压缩老龄化”:时空压缩下的城市养老问题  

Compressed Aging:Urban Elderly Care Issues in the Compressed Time and Space

作　　者：孙弋帏 李强 Sun Yiwei;Li Qiang

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（社会保障制度）》2023年第12期52-61,共10页SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“资助个体的应急募捐机制的建设研究”(17YJC54)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：根据城市社会学理论脉络的梳理和城市社区养老的实地调研,本研究提出“压缩老龄化”的概念,以期在时空压缩视角下透视城市养老问题。研究发现,在时间压缩下,我国需要同时面对传统、第一现代性和第二现代性并存的问题。在空间压缩下,我国需要同时面对地理空间上的城镇化与老龄化叠加、制度空间上的集体消费分化并挤压私人消费、生活空间上的家庭内部“重心下移、压力上移”等问题。这种时空高度压缩最终导致了城市养老的诸多问题,比如中低收入老人的结构比重偏高、家庭挤占老人自养的资源、养老治理失灵等。为了化解这些养老问题,政府应该将家庭而非个体作为治理的基本单位,并且根据社区类型、老人分化后的不同需求,建设多元的养老模式。Based on the analysis of urban sociology theory and research on urban community elderly care,this paper proposes the concept of"compressed aging"in order to gain insights into urban elderly care issues from a per-spective of compressed time and space.The research finds that under time compression,China needs to simultaneously address the coexistence of traditional,the first modern and second modernities.Under spatial compression,China needs to simultaneously face the overlapping problems of urbanization and population aging in geographical space,the differentiation of collective consumption and the squeeze on private consumption in institutional space,and the phe-nomenon of"focus downward and pressure upward"within families in living space.This high compression of time and space ultimately leads to various problems in urban elderly care,such as a higher proportion of elderly people in the lower middle classes,families encroaching on the self-supporting resources of the elderly,and failures in elderly care governance.To resolve these elderly care crises,this paper suggests that the government should consider the family,rather than the individual,as the basic unit of governance and construct diverse elderly care patterns based on commu-nity types and the differentiated needs of the elderly.

关 键 词：城市社会学 压缩老龄化 时空压缩 社会治理 集体消费 

分 类 号：D669.6[政治法律—政治学]