“语言—分析”作为经验研究的新路径:田野政治学概念建构的现象学分析  

"Discourse-Analysis"as a New Approach to Empirical Research:A Phenomenological Analysis of the Conceptualization of Field Politics

作　　者：王向民[1] Wang Xiangmin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代思想文化研究所、政治学系,上海200241

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（政治学）》2023年第12期16-27,共12页POLITICAL SCIENCE

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“百年来中国政治学史研究”(19ZDA133);中央高校基本科研业务费项目华东师范大学人文社会科学学科交叉融合项目“中国政治学的内在转向”(2021JQRH011)。

摘　　要：近年来中国政治学界生产与发表了许多建制性概念,其中田野政治学是极为重要的一支,徐勇发表了“祖赋人权”“家户制”“关系叠加”等概念。田野政治学的活力与价值在于,重新发现了田野经验中的中国话语,将土生土长、本土性的中国话语提炼和改造为中国政治学的学术概念。本文旨在从现象学的“语言—分析”角度对田野政治学的概念建构进行社会科学认识论的探讨,认为“祖赋人权”“家户制”“关系叠加”概念来自于日常生活语言的栋选,将这些话语/概念纳入不同处境空间将形成更丰富的概念含义,同时理念型及因果适当性与意义适当性的辩证运用将增强其解释能力。破除既有理论的束缚,回到经验实在本身,质疑常识并改变提问方式,将促进中国政治学问题导向的跨学科甚至去学科研究,生产出更丰富的中国本土化政治知识体系。In recent years,many concepts have been systematically established in China's political science,among which field politics is of great importance.Xu Yong has established concepts such as"human rights by virtue of ancestry,""household system,"and"relationship superimposition."The vitality and value of field politics lies in the rediscovery of Chinese discourse in field experience,and the refinement and transformation of the indigenous and local Chinese discourse into the academic concept of China's political science.This article aims to explore the conceptualization of field politics from the perspective of phenomenological"discourse-analysis"as a social science epistemology,arguing that the concepts of"human rights by virtue of ancestry,""household system,"and"relationship superimposition"are selected from everyday life language,and that incorporating these discourses/concepts into different contexts will result in richer conceptual meanings,while the conceptual type and dialectical use of causal appropriateness and meaning appropriateness will enhance their explanatory capacity.Breaking the shackles of existing theories,returning to empirical reality itself,challenging common sense and changing the way of questioning will promote issue-oriented interdisciplinary or even de-disciplinization research in China's political science,and produce a richer localized political knowledge system of China.

关 键 词：语言—分析 现象学 田野政治学 经验研究 概念建构 理念型 

分 类 号：D0[政治法律—政治学]