中国粮食流通体制改革与粮食流通效率——兼议政府与市场的作用  

Grain Circulation Reform and Grain Circulation Efficiency in China:An Additional Discussion on the Role of Government and Market

作　　者：王晓东[1,2] 朱晴晴 王诗桪 Wang Xiaodong;Zhu Qingqing;Wang Shixun

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学市场流通经济研究中心,北京100872 [3]福州大学经济与管理学院,福州350108

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（农业经济研究）》2023年第1期44-61,共18页AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY

基　　金：中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)重大项目“在新发展格局中建设中国特色现代流通体系的理论与经验研究”(项目编号:22XNL013)。

摘　　要：本文在回顾和总结中国粮食流通体制改革进程及市场化格局的基础上,测度了2008-2019年中国粮食流通市场化改革阶段的粮食流通效率,并进一步探究了政府和市场因素的影响。中国粮食流通体制改革的市场化进程虽然起步较晚、进程偏缓,但总体而言粮食流通的市场化格局渐进定型,粮食流通效率整体水平不高,省域间呈现非均衡增长态势。面板门槛回归结果表明,当政府参与程度较低时,市场化水平对粮食流通效率有显著的正向影响,而当政府参与程度超过一定门槛值后,市场化水平对粮食流通效率呈现出显著的负向影响;政府参与程度本身则对提升粮食流通效率产生正向影响,而且,政府参与的门槛值远高于各省份的年度平均值。未来,粮食流通体制改革仍要坚持市场化导向,同时保持一定的政府参与程度,在明确政府职能边界的基础上更好发挥政府作用,特别是发挥政府在粮食流通过程中的“市场增进”作用,通过政府与市场合力持续提高粮食流通效率;同时也要贯彻区域间适度均衡发展的思路,优化粮食产销区域布局,为新发展格局提供强有力的支撑。On the basis of reviewing and summarizing the reform process and marketization pattern of China's grain circulation system,this paper measures the grain circulation efficiency in the stage of China's grain circulation marketization reform from 2008 to 2019,and further explores the impact of government and market factors.Although the marketization process of China's grain circulation system reform started late and progressed slowly,in general,the marketization pattern of grain circulation was gradually fixed.But the overall level of grain circulation efficiency was not high,and there was a non-equilibrium growth trend between provinces.The results of panel threshold regression show that when the government participation level is low,the marketization level has a significant positive impact on the grain circulation efficiency,and when the government participation exceeds a certain threshold,the marketization level shows a significant negative impact on the grain circulation efficiency.Government participation itself has a positive impact on improving the efficiency of grain circulation,and the threshold for government participation is much higher than the annual average for provinces.In the future,the reform of the grain circulation system should still adhere to the market-oriented orientation,while maintaining a certain degree of government participation,and better play the role of the government on the basis of clarifying the boundaries of government functions,especially give play to the role of the government in"market promotion"in the process of grain circulation,and continuously improve the efficiency of grain circulation through the joint efforts of the government and the market;At the same time,it is also necessary to implement the idea of moderate and balanced development between regions,optimize the regional layout of grain production and marketing,and provide strong support for the new development pattern.

关 键 词：粮食流通体制改革 粮食流通效率 政府参与 市场化 门槛效应 

分 类 号：F326.6[经济管理—产业经济]