场域、形象与博弈:两岸社会融合视野中的台湾地区年金制度  

Field,Image and Game:Taiwan's Pension System from the Perspective of Cross-Strait Social Integration

作　　者：高和荣[1] Gao Herong

机构地区：[1]厦门大学

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（社会保障制度）》2023年第8期39-46,共8页SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大攻关项目“新时代提高保障和改善民生水平研究”(项目编号:18JZD043)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为民生保障体系的“国民年金”制度体现出特定的意识形态观念及政策价值理念,因而可以根据政策理论对年金政策加以分析。台湾地区于1980年即通过“老人福利法”与“残障福利法”,但并没有出台诸如年金、津贴申领之类的配套措施。照顾弱者、科学可行、负担可控以及规则先行等是台湾地区各政党在制定年金政策时力图塑造的政策形象。依据政策过程理论,台湾地区的年金制度从问题界定、议程设置、政策形象到政策结果与政策反馈等各个阶段,实质上都体现为政策场域、政策形象及政策博弈的统一,表现为国、民两党相互恶斗的动态博奔。从两岸社会融合角度看,要积极营造两岸民众共认的年金政策场域,努力塑造两岸民众共享的年金政策形象,在寻求年金政策共识中推进两岸社会融合发展。As a part of the livelihood security system,the National Pension system embodies specific ideological concepts and policy values,and can therefore be analyzed according to policy theory.Taiwan passed the Senior Citizens Welfare Act and the People with Disabilities Rights Protection Act in 1980,but did not introduce complementary measures such as annuity and allowance claims.After the lifting of Martial Law,the Nationalist Party and the Democratic Progressive Party used the annuity issue for political manipulation,which objectively promoted the establishment of the system.The National Pension Insurance,which was officially implemented in 2008,stipulates the eligibility criteria,program benefits,contribution structure and entitlements of the plan.Taiwan's annuity policy attempts to create a policy image of caring for the weak,scientifically feasible,burden manageable and rule-based.However,according to policy process theory,Taiwan's annuity system,from problem definition,agenda setting,policy image to policy results and policy feedback,is essentially a unification of policy field,policy image and policy game,and it is a dynamic game in which the Nationalist Party and the Democratic Progressive Party fight against each other.From the perspective of cross-Strait social integration,it is necessary to actively create an annuity policy field recognized by people on both sides of the Straits,strive to shape an annuity policy image shared by people on both sides of the Straits,and promote cross-strait social integration and development in the search for consensus on annuity policy.

关 键 词：年金制度 政策场域 政策形象 政策博弈 

分 类 号：D675.8[政治法律—政治学]