超长龙落尾式溢洪洞水力特性研究  

Study on the Hydraulic Characteristics of Super-long Longitudinal End Sill Spillway Tunnel

作　　者：王欣虎 罗永钦 冯业林 黄海龙 罗文俊 WANG Xinhu;LUO Yongqin;FENG Yelin;HUANG Hailong;LUO Wenjun(College of Electric Power Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;PowerChina Kunming Engineer Corporation Limited,Kunming 650033,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学电力工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司,云南昆明650033

出　　处：《水力发电》2024年第6期55-60,78,共7页Water Power

基　　金：云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”青年人才项目(KKRD-202204020);华能集团科技项目(HNKJ21-HF240);云南省基础研究计划项目面上项目(202301 AT070437);云南省基础研究计划项目青年项目(202101AU070156)。

摘　　要：以某大型水利工程中的2号龙落尾式超长溢洪洞为研究对象,采用k-ε双方程紊流模型,结合1∶50正态水工模型结果,对特征水位下的溢洪洞各项水力学特性进行分析,以探究超长溢洪洞垂向流速沿程分布规律及水翅成因。结果表明:①数值模拟与模型试验结果之间的吻合较好,验证了数值模拟的可靠性和准确性。②龙落尾式溢洪洞的布置减小了高流速破坏的风险,同时在掺气坎区域形成稳定的掺气空腔,表明布置方式是合理的。③超长溢洪洞垂向流速分布中心区与对数分布拟合较好,而靠近底板和水面的区域则更符合抛物线分布。随着流程的增加,超长溢洪洞的断面流速分布不均匀度增大,高速流速区逐渐向靠近水面的中上部集中。④在变坡处,掺气坎前垂向流速分布不均匀,坎后的水舌与龙落尾段底板的交角较大,导致两侧边墙出现强水翅,建议采取措施消除这些不利影响。Taking the No.2 longitudinal end sill spillway tunnel in a large-scale water conservancy project as the research object,the k-εdouble equation turbulent flow model is adopted,combined with the results of a 1∶50 normal hydraulic model,to analyze the hydraulic characteristics of the overflow tunnel under characteristic water levels,in order to explore the vertical velocity distribution along the way and the formation of water wings in the overflow tunnel.The results indicate that,(a)there is a good agreement between the numerical simulation and the model test results,which verifies the reliability and accuracy of numerical simulation;(b)the arrangement of the longitudinal end sill spillway tunnel reduces the risk of high-velocity flow damage,and forms a stable aeration cavity in the aeration bucket area,indicating that the arrangement method is reasonable;(c)the central area of the vertical velocity distribution in the ultra long spillway tunnel fits well with the logarithmic distribution,while the area near the bottom plate and water surface is more in line with the parabolic distribution,and with the increase of flow path,the uneven distribution of cross-sectional flow velocity in the ultra long spillway tunnel increases,and the high-velocity flow zone gradually concentrates towards the middle and upper parts near the water surface;and(d)at the changing slope,the vertical flow velocity distribution in front of the aerator is uneven,and the angle between the water tongue behind the aerator and the bottom plate of the tail section is larger,resulting in strong water wings on both sides of the side walls,so it is recommended to take measures to eliminate these adverse effects.

关 键 词：龙落尾式溢洪洞 数值仿真 水力特性 流速分布 水翅 

分 类 号：TV642.4[水利工程—水利水电工程]