毕节烟区烤烟的质量及其空间分布特征  

Quality and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Flue-cured Tobacco in Bijie Tobacco-planting Area

作　　者：严锦申 黄瑞寅 钟帅 蓝军 杨天旭 方嘉炜 姜俊红[2] 王维[2] YAN Jinshen;HUANG Ruiyin;ZHONG Shuai;LAN Jun;YANG Tianxu;FANG Jiawei;JIANG Junhong;WANG Wei(Guangdong Zhongyan Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东中烟有限责任公司,广东广州510000 [2]华南农业大学,广东广州510000

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2024年第5期30-40,共11页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东中烟公司科技项目“毕节烟叶质量特征分析及适配技术研究与应用”(2022440000340039)。

摘　　要：【目的】探明贵州毕节烟区不同植烟地烤烟的质量及其空间分布特征,为毕节烟区烤烟的总体生产布局规划与工业企业合理利用产区不同质量特征烟叶原料提供参考。【方法】选择毕节烟区各县域42个烟叶点126份烤烟样品,运用隶属函数法和聚类分析法分析不同质量烟叶的空间分布特征。【结果】毕节烟区不同产地烤烟的烟碱、总糖、还原糖、淀粉、总氮和钾含量分别为2.40%~3.76%、30.90%~36.33%、23.80%~27.48%、3.49%~5.75%、1.78%~2.50%和2.00%~3.07%。化学成分指标、外观质量指标与感官评价指标间存在相关或极显著相关性。感官质量、外观质量、化学成分和综合得分分别为64.26~77.01分、74.08~84.75分、55.33~86.66分和0.748~1.213分。在平方欧氏距离为5处可将毕节烟区分为4类,综合得分依次为Ⅰ类>Ⅱ类>Ⅲ类>Ⅳ类,其中,Ⅰ类烤烟的感官和外观质量总体表现最好,Ⅱ类烤烟次之,Ⅲ类烤烟差,Ⅳ类烤烟整体较差。Ⅰ类烟区基本分布在毕节中部,大部分集中在大方县和纳雍县域内;Ⅱ类烟区分布在毕节中部和西北;Ⅲ类烟区在毕节占比最大,涵盖毕节的大部分地区;Ⅳ类烟区零散分布在毕节偏北部和偏南部的边缘地区。【结论】毕节烟区在平方欧氏距离为5处分为4类,综合得分依次为Ⅰ类>Ⅱ类>Ⅲ类>Ⅳ类;海拔1300~1800 m区域烟叶综合质量最优,海拔1800~2200 m区域烟叶较优;海拔800~1300 m区域烟叶最差。【Objective】The quality and spatial distribution characteristics of flue-cured tobacco from different tobacco planting area of Bijie were explored,which provided reference for overall production layout planning of flue-cured tobacco in Bijie tobacco-planting area and rational utilization of tobacco raw materials with different quality characteristics in the planting area by industrial enterprises.【Method】126 flue-cured tobacco samples were collected from 42 tobacco production points in different counties of Bijie tobacco-planting area.The membership function and cluster analysis were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of flue-cured tobacco leaves with different qualities.【Result】The nicotine,total sugar,reducing sugar,starch,total nitrogen and potassium of flue-cured tobacco from different planting areas of Bijie were 2.40%—3.76%,30.90%—36.33%,23.80%—27.48%,3.49%—5.75%,1.78%—2.50%and 2.00%—3.07%,respectively.There were correlations and extremely significant correlations in index of chemical component,index of appearance quality and index of sensory evaluation.The score of sensory quality,score of appearance quality,score of chemical component and comprehensive score were 64.26—77.01,74.08—84.75,55.33—86.66 and 0.748—1.213,respectively.Bijie tobacco-planting area could be divided into 4 categories at the square Euclidean distance of 5,and their comprehensive scores were ClassⅠ>ClassⅡ>ClassⅢ>ClassⅣ.The sensory and appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco of ClassⅠwere the best,followed by ClassⅡ,ClassⅢ(bad)and ClassⅣ(worse).The tobacco-planting areas of ClassⅠwere basically distributed in the middle of Bijie,and most of them were concentrated in Dafang County and Nayong County.The tobacco-planting areas of ClassⅡwere mainly distributed in the middle and northwest of Bijie.The tobacco-planting areas of ClassⅢaccounted for the largest proportion in Bijie,covering most areas of Bijie.The tobacco-areas of ClassⅣscattered in the northern and so

关 键 词：烤烟 质量评价 聚类分析 空间分布 毕节烟区 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]