大小股东利益博弈视角下“申请无益”豁免的检视及完善  

Review and Improvement of the“Request for Futility”Exemption From the Perspective of the Game of Interests Between Large and Small Shareholders

作　　者：张红连 ZHANG Honglian

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,长沙410012

出　　处：《上海市经济管理干部学院学报》2024年第3期45-52,共8页Journal of Shanghai Economic Management College

摘　　要：“申请无益”是股东派生诉讼制度前置程序豁免规则之一,是公司大中小股东进行博弈下维护中小股东利益的重要保障。现阶段,在立法层面,“申请无益”非法定豁免地位不高,股东派生诉讼定位章节有失偏颇;在司法层面,“申请无益”豁免事由认定标准不一致;裁判文书论证“申请无益”豁免说理不充分等导致法院适用“申请无益”豁免条款模糊,同案不同判,最终影响诉讼当事人的合法权益。完善股东派生诉讼制度前置程序“申请无益”豁免,在立法上将《九民纪要》第25条纳入《公司法》中、将《公司法》第151条定位于“股东权利”章节。The“request for futility”rule is one of the pre procedural immunity rules of the shareholder derivative action system,and is an important safeguard to protect the interests of small and medium sized shareholders under the game of small and large shareholders.At the present stage,at the legislative level,the non statutory exemption of“request for futility”is not high,and the chapter on the positioning of shareholders’derivative action is biased;at the judicial level,the criteria for determining the cause of exemption of“request for futility”are inconsistent;the argumentation in the adjudication documents is not sufficient.Inadequate reasoning of the“request for futility”exemption has led to ambiguity in the application of the“request for futility”exemption by the courts and different judgments in the same case,which ultimately affects the legitimate rights and interests of litigants.In order to improve the“request for futility”exemption for shareholders’derivative litigation system,Article 25 of the“Minutes of the National Court of Civil and Commercial Trial Work Conference”should be incorporated into the Company Law,and Article 151 of the Company Law should be located in the chapter of“Shareholders’Rights”.

关 键 词：申请无益 信义义务 股东利益保护 派生诉讼 豁免事由 

分 类 号：D922.292.91[政治法律—经济法学]