酸性土壤连续施用土壤调理剂对生姜——花椰菜种植体系的影响  

Effect of Continuous Application of Soil Conditioner to Acid Soil on Planting System of Ginger and Cauliflower

作　　者：邱伟琴 Qiu Weiqin(Shanghang Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Inspection and Testing Station,Station,Shanghang,Fujian 364200,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省上杭县农产品质量安全检验检测站,福建上杭364200

出　　处：《东南园艺》2024年第1期53-58,共6页Southeast Horticulture

基　　金：福建省化肥减量增效项目(2020-95)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索生姜-花椰菜种植体系两个生产季施用土壤调理剂对作物生产和土壤理化性状的影响及其累积效应。【方法】以两季作物即前茬生姜、后茬花椰菜为载体,采用常规施肥为对照,在其基础上增施土壤调理剂1500、3000、4500 kg/hm^(2),研究各处理对作物农艺性状和土壤理化性状的影响。【结果】在常规施肥基础上,施用3000、4500 kg/hm^(2)后均显著提高花球产量100%以上,提高土壤的pH值1.0和1.2个单位,并提高交换性钙含量89.2%和116.9%;施用4500 kg/hm^(2)土壤调理剂对两季作物的增产效果最佳,前茬生姜和后茬花椰菜的产量分别达23.7、46.7 t/hm^(2),相对常规施肥的增产44.5%、115.2%。【结论】酸性土壤连续两季施用土壤调理剂对生姜-花椰菜作物增产和土壤理化性状改善的累积效应明显,生产上以每季施用量3000~4500 kg/hm^(2)较为适合。【Objective】This study was conducted to explore the cumulative effect of soil conditioner application on crop production and soil physical and chemical properties in two consecutive production seasons of planting system of ginger and cauliflower.【Method】In this study,the previous crop was ginger and the succeeding crop was cauliflower.A conventional fertilization was used as the control,and 1500 kg/hm^(2),3000 kg/hm^(2) and 4500 kg/hm^(2)soil conditioner on the basis of conventional fertilization were selected to investigate the effects of different treatments on crop agronomic characters and soil physical and chemical properties.【Result】Compared with conventional fertilization,3000 kg/hm^(2) and 4500 kg/hm^(2) soil conditioner could significantly improve yield of cauliflower by over 100%,soil value by 1.0 and 1.2 units,exchangeable calcium content by 89.2%and 116.9%,respectively.4500kg/hm^(2) soil conditioner could obtain the best yield-increasing effect of two crops,the yields of previous ginger and succeeding cauliflower were 23.7 t/hm^(2) and 46.7 t/hm^(2),and the yields of two crops were increased by 44.5%and 115.2%respectively compared with conventional fertilization.【Conclusion】The cumulative effect of improved crop yield and soil physical and chemical properties was evident after soil conditioner application to acid soil in two consecutive seasons of planting system of ginger and cauliflower.In production,3000-4500 kg/hm^(2) soil conditioner per season was more suitable.

关 键 词：土壤调理剂 土壤理化性状 生姜 花椰菜 

分 类 号：S632.5[农业科学—蔬菜学] S635.3[农业科学—园艺学]