小药量RDX基PBX的热爆炸特性及对大药量热安全性的预测  

Thermal Explosion Characteristics of RDX Based PBX with Small Weight and Prediction of Its Thermal Safety with Large Weight

作　　者：柴悦 姜林 李宓 马腾 吴星亮 徐森[1,3] CHAI Yue;JIANG Lin;LI Mi;MA Teng;WU Xingliang;XU Sen(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing,210094;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Nanjing,210094;China National Quality Inspection and Testing Center for Industrial Explosive Materials,Jiangsu Nanjing,210094)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化学与化工学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京理工大学机械工程学院,江苏南京210094 [3]国家民用爆破器材质量检验检测中心,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2024年第3期17-25,共9页Explosive Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12272184)。

摘　　要：为研究高聚物黏结炸药(PBX)的热分解特性和热安全性,探究了2种小药量试验对PBX的自加速分解温度(SADT)预测的准确性。采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和绝热加速量热仪(ARC)同时研究了一种典型RDX基PBX的热分解行为,分别计算了PBX的热动力学及热安全性参数。基于Semenov理论,进一步计算得到2种热分析方法下PBX的SADT,并结合等温储存试验验证了结果的准确性。DSC分析得到,PBX的活化能为125.70 kJ/mol,热爆炸临界温度为460.08 K,10 g量级的不归还温度T_(NR)为417.22 K,SADT为405.72 K;ARC分析得到,10 g量级的PBX的T_(NR)为427.97 K,SADT为421.57 K。通过7 d恒温热爆炸试验,确定PBX的最小SADT为418.15 K,证明基于ARC的小药量试验预测大药量样品的热安全性更符合实际情况。可用于解决炸药在储存、生产、运输和使用等过程中的安全问题。In order to investigate the thermal decomposition characteristics and thermal safety of polymer bonded explosives(PBX),the accuracy of two small weight experiments in predicting the self accelerated decomposition temperature(SADT)of PBX was investigated.The thermal decomposition behaviors of a typical RDX based PBX were studied simultaneously using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and adiabatic accelerated calorimetry(ARC),and thermodynamic parameters and thermal safety parameters of PBX were calculated.Based on Semenov theory,SADT of PBX under the two thermal analysis methods was further calculated,and the accuracy of the results was verified by isothermal storage experiments.DSC analysis results show that activation energy of PBX is 125.70 kJ/mol,critical temperature for thermal explosion is 460.08 K,non return temperature T_(NR) at the 10 g level is 417.22 K,and SADT is 405.72 K.ARC analysis results show that T_(NR) of PBX at the 10 g level is 427.97 K,and SADT is 421.57 K.Through a 7-day constant temperature thermal explosion test,the minimum SADT of PBX was determined to be 418.15 K,proving that predicting the thermal safety of large weight samples based on ARC small weight test is more in line with the actual situation.It can be used to solve the safety issues of explosives during storage,production,transportation,and use.

关 键 词：高聚物黏结炸药(PBX) 热分解特性 热动力学 热安全性 自加速分解温度(SADT) 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]