暗河发育区岩溶隧道突涌水洪峰流量估计  

Estimation of the peak flow of water inrush in Karst tunnel approaching to underground river

作　　者：谢艺伟 李开军 张鹏 郭子昊 张翾[3] XIE Yiwei;LI Kaijun;ZHANG Peng;GUO Zihao;ZHANG Xuan(CCCC First Highway Engineering Co.,Ltd,Xiamen 361000,China;School of Transportation Engineering,Nanjing Tech.University,Nanjing 211816,China;Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中交一公局厦门工程有限公司,厦门361000 [2]南京工业大学交通运输工程学院,南京211816 [3]交通部公路科学研究所,北京100088

出　　处：《中国水利水电科学研究院学报（中英文）》2024年第3期307-317,323,共12页Journal of China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41372295);中交一公局集团有限公司科技研发项目(KJYF-2021-B-20)。

摘　　要：地下暗河是岩溶隧道建设与运营重大的安全风险,暗河发育区岩溶隧道突涌水洪峰估计是岩溶隧道施工抢险与后期处治方案制定的重要基础数据。地下暗河洪峰流量不仅由岩溶区水文地质条件控制,而且还受到暴雨期地表径流补给的影响。本文结合实测数据和统计数据,围绕小流域暴雨资料推求出地表汇流洪峰和地下暗河汇泄流洪峰,提出了一种考虑地表径流补给的暗河发育区岩溶隧道突涌水洪峰估计方法,并结合翠屏隧道的地形地貌、水文地质与实测涌水资料,开展了案例分析计算并比较实测涌水量。表明传统涌水预测方法无法考虑暗河与地表水补给的影响,与实测结果差距很大,本方法能够较好预测岩溶区因地表汇水补给暗河发育区隧道突涌水洪峰,为隧道防洪护堤高度、涵管过水容量设计、洪峰避险时间提供重要支撑,保障隧道施工与运营安全。Underground river is a major geological risk of karst tunnel during its construction and operation.The estimation of the peak flow of water inrush in Karst tunnel approaching to underground river is an important basic data for preventing,controlling and reinforcing the disaster of water inrush in Karst tunnel.The peak flow of underground river is not only controlled by the hydro-geological conditions of Karst region,but also influenced by the recharge of runoff during heavy rainfall periods.This paper proposes the method for estimating the peak flow of water inrush in Karst tunnel approaching to underground river,considering the recharge of overland runoff based on deriving and solving the peak flow overland runoff and the peak flow of underground river by the rainstorms information in small catchments.A case study on Jinping Tunnel is carried out to compare the estimated solution of water inrush and the measured value of water inrush with the help of terrain mapping,hydrological calculation and flow measurement on the spot.The results indicates that the proposed method is a better predictor of estimating the peak flow of water inrush in Karst tunnel approaching to underground river,but the result of traditional methods is different greatly from the measured value,neglecting the recharge effect of underground river and overland runoff.This study will provide important support for setting the height of the tunnel flood protection berm,designing the culvert overflow capacity,and determining the flood avoidance time.

关 键 词：岩溶隧道 地下暗河 径流补给 突涌水 洪峰流量 

分 类 号：U25[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]