化橘红成花过程挥发油成分的动态变化及活性分析  

Dynamic change and activity analysis of volatile oil in the flowers of Citri Grandis Exocarpium

作　　者：刘影[1,2] 彭维 胡双飞[3] 吴灏 董利 苏薇薇[3] LIU Ying;PENG Wei;HU Shuangfei;WU Hao;DONG Li;SU Weiwei(Department of Chemical Engineering,Maoming Polytechnic,Maoming 525000,China;Maoming Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Maoming 525000,China;School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University/Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Quality and Efficacy Re-valuation of Post-marketed TCM/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources,Guangzhou 510275,China)

机构地区：[1]茂名职业技术学院化学工程系,广东茂名525000 [2]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心,广东茂名525000 [3]中山大学生命科学学院/广东省中药上市后质量与药效再评价工程技术研究中心/广东省热带亚热带植物资源重点实验室,广东广州510275

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2024年第3期88-95,共8页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心科技项目(2022ZD006);省级乡村振兴战略专项项目(2023SDZG07);茂名职业技术学院科研项目(茂职院〔2022〕104号)。

摘　　要：本文旨在探索化橘红花挥发油成分的动态变化,为化橘红花的综合利用和其挥发油产品的开发提供理论参考。以现蕾期、花苞期、盛开期和谢花期的化橘红花新鲜样品为材料,水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用气质联用法(GC-MS)测定挥发油成分,通过构建“化橘红花-活性成分-靶点”网络图对挥发油活性进行分析。结果表明化橘红花挥发油成分以烯类(56.84%~70.19%)和醇类(21.33%~38.34%)物质为主,包括γ-松油烯、D-柠檬烯、芳樟醇、法尼醇、橙花叔醇和β-蒎烯。烯类物质在成花过程中呈现出逐渐降低的趋势,醇类物质表现出先增多再减少的趋势,盛开期达到峰值。现蕾期、花苞期和盛开期的挥发性物质总量保持在较高水平,谢花期显著降低。法尼醇、芳樟醇、α-水芹烯、橙花叔醇和香茅醇等挥发性成分的抑菌和抗氧化活性较高。各个花期的化橘红花均含有丰富的挥发油,具有开发应用价值。The aims of the study was to evaluate dynamic change of volatile oil in the flowers of Citri Grandis Exocarpium(CGE),and to provide data for application of CGE flower and development of its volatile oil.Prior to ingredient evaluation of the volatile oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),distillation extraction was conducted on freshly-picked flowers of CGE at four flower development stages(bud initiation,pre-bloom,full-bloom and withered flower).Activity analysis of volatile oil was then carried out based on network for flower of CGE-activity components-targets.Results showed that volatile oil of CGE flower mainly involveγ-terpinene,D-limonene,linalool,farnesol,nerolidol,β-pinene,alkenes(56.84%~70.19%)and alcohols(21.33%~38.34%).The alkenes displayed a gradual declination at flower development stages,and the alcohols showed a tendency to increase and then decrease,peaking at full-bloom.The total amount of volatile components kept a high level at bud initiation,pre-bloom,full-bloom stages,and individually decreased at withered flower stages.Farnesol,linalool,α-phellandrene,nerolidol and citronellol,of all the volatile components,has a higher activity in antibacterial and oxidation-resistant properties.

关 键 词：化橘红花 挥发油 变化趋势 GC-MS 活性分析 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学] S59[农业科学—作物学]