基于主成分及信息熵的额敏灌区农业用水特征  

Characteristics of agricultural water use in Emin irrigation area based on principal component and information entropy

作　　者：王世威 范文波[1,2] 马军勇 杨海梅[1,2] 任聪哲[1,2] 李顺顺 刘雨 WANG Shiwei;FAN Wenbo;MA Junyong;YANG Haimei;REN Congzhe;LI Shunshun;LIU Yu(College of Water Conservancy&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832000,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Group,Shihezi 832000,China;Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Shihezi 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2024年第3期103-112,共10页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41761064);第九师2023年度灌溉水有效利用系数测算分析项目(0415-KH0161)。

摘　　要：以额敏灌区农业灌溉用水为研究对象,采用主成分分析、信息熵分析方法,选取10个指标对灌区2009—2021年进行主成分分析。结果表明:影响灌区农业用水的主要驱动因子为衬砌防渗渠道长度、灌溉面积、农作物播种面积、节水灌溉面积、灌溉水量、农业人口数等6个指标;时间上,2009—2022年额敏灌区用水构成以农业灌溉用水为主,耕地、园地、林地、牧草地灌溉用水量分别占农业灌溉用水量的90.25%、3.12%、5.05%、1.58%,农业灌溉用水量于2010—2020年呈现逐年下降趋势;空间上,灌区东北部农业用水以地表水为主,中部与西部地表水和地下水占比基本一致。2009—2022年信息熵值与均衡度在灌区不同地理位置表现为:西部>东北部>中部,东北、中、西部信息熵分别为0.36、0.32、0.56 Nat,东北、中、西部均衡度均值分别为0.26、0.23、0.40。分析成果可为灌区农业灌溉用水现状及用水管理提供理论参考。Taking agricultural water use in Emin Irrigation District as the research object,In this study,we applied principal component analysis,information entropy and equilibrium degree to carry out principal component analyze the 10 indicators data of the irrigation district from 2009 to 2021.The result shows that:the main drivers affecting agricultural water use in irrigation districts are six indicators:length of lined impermeable canals,irrigated area,area sown to crops,water-saving irrigated area,volume of irrigation water,and number of people in agriculture.Temporally,the water use composition of Emin Irrigation District from 2009 to 2022 is dominated by agricultural irrigation water,and the water use for irrigation of cropland,garden land,forest land and pasture land accounted is 90.25%,3.12%,5.05%and 1.58%,respectively,and the water use for agricultural irrigation showed a decreasing trend year by year from 2010 to 2020.Spatially,the upstream of the irrigation area is dominated by surface water for agricultural water use,and the ratio of surface water and groundwater in the middle and downstream of the irrigation area is basically the same.From 2009 to 2022,the information entropy value and balance degree in different geographical locations of the irrigation area are:downstream>upstream>midstream,and the information entropy of the Northeast,Central,and West are 0.36,0.32,and 0.56 Nat respectively,and the mean values of the Northeast,Central,and West equilibrium are 0.26,0.23,and 0.40,respectively.The results of the analysis can provide theoretical references for the status quo of water use for irrigated agriculture in the irrigation area and the management of water use.

关 键 词：额敏灌区 农业灌溉用水 主成分分析 信息熵 均衡度 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]