浙江省三门县海域海洋垃圾监测研究初探  

Preliminary study on monitoring marine debris in the coastal waters of Sanmen County,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：许海超 周灵青 王杰 张颖 杨静利 刘玉飞 马路阔 殷燕 XU Hai-chao;ZHOU Ling-qing;WANG Jie;ZHANG Ying;YANG Jing-li;LIU Yu-fei;MA Lu-kuo;YIN Yan(Sanmen Ecological Environmental Protection Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team,Sanmen 317100,China;Sanmen Environmental Protection Monitoting Station,Sanmen 317100,China;Sanmen Ecological Security Center,Sanmen 317100,China;Hangzhou Tonghua Ecological Enviroment Technology Company Limited,Hangzhou 310000,China;Second Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]三门县生态环境保护行政执法队,浙江三门317100 [2]三门县环境保护监测站,浙江三门317100 [3]三门县生态安全工作中心,浙江三门317100 [4]杭州同华生态环境科技有限公司,浙江杭州310000 [5]自然资源部第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第5期50-56,共7页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42076169);浙江省尖兵领雁计划项目(2023C03130)资助。

摘　　要：随着沿海工农业发展以及滨海旅游业的兴起,近岸海洋垃圾污染日趋严重,给海洋经济健康发展、海洋生态安全以及人类安全造成威胁,开展海洋垃圾监测和治理迫在眉睫。三门县地处浙江东部,是重要的沿海城市,本研究通过2020—2022年浙江省三门县近岸海域及木杓沙滩海滩垃圾监测研究发现:木杓沙滩海滩垃圾数量密度和质量密度年均值分别为1.0万个/km^(2)和1150.3 kg/km^(2);近岸海域海面大块及特大块垃圾数量密度年均值为32.4个/km^(2);海面漂浮小块及中块垃圾数量密度和质量密度年均值分别为5417.0个/km^(2)和5.6 kg/km^(2)。海滩垃圾主要材质为塑料类,占比43.8%;其次是金属类,占比16.8%;而后是聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料类,占比10.4%。海面漂浮垃圾类型均为塑料类、聚乙烯泡沫塑料类和木制品类。通过对三门县海洋垃圾来源分析,发现其海洋垃圾主要来源于人类海岸活动和其他弃置物,建议增强海洋垃圾监测能力建设,完善海洋垃圾统计及评价方法,加强宣传教育,增强公众的海洋环保意识。With the development of coastal industry and agriculture,as well as the rise of coastal tourism,the pollution of offshore marine debris is becoming increasingly serious,posing a threat to the healthy development of the marine economy,marine ecological security,and human safety.It is urgent to carry out monitoring and management of marine debris.Sanmen County is located in the eastern part of Zhejiang Province and is an important coastal city.On the basis of the preliminary study from^(2)020 to 2022,the distribution characteristics of floating debris and Mu Shao beach litter in the coastal waters of Sanmen County,Zhejiang Province were analyzed.The results showed that the mean annual value of the quantity and quality density of Mu Shao beach litter were 10300 piece/km^(2)and 1150.3 kg/km^(2),while the mean annual value density of large and out sized floating debris was 32.4 piece/km^(2)and the mean quantity and quality density of the middle and small sized floating debris were 5417.0 piece/km^(2)and 5.6 kg/km^(2).The main types of beach litter were plastics(43.8%),metals(16.8%)and polystyrene foam plastics(10.4%).Meanwhile,the main types of floating debris were plastics,polystyrene foam plastics and woods.According to the source analysis of the marine debris,the main sources of marine debris were human coastal activities and other wastes.It was suggested to enhance the construction of marine debris monitoring capabilities,improve the statistical and evaluation methods of marine debris,and strengthen publicity and education to increase public awareness of marine environmental protection.

关 键 词：三门县 海滩垃圾 海面漂浮垃圾 来源分析 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]