基于MaxEnt模型的公路项目环评中重要物种适宜生境评价及预测  

Evaluation and prediction of suitable habitats for important species in environmental impact assessment of highway projects based on MaxEnt model

作　　者：袁伯闻 王英伟[1] 池也 刘金祥 YUAN Bo-wen;WANG Ying-wei;CHI Ye;LIU Jin-xiang(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第5期67-71,共5页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：公路建设项目属于线性项目,其对生态环境的主要影响是对物种生境的阻隔和切割,致使物种适宜生境面积减少,并伴有光污染、声环境质量下降。基于拟建的穿越国家一级保护动物黑嘴松鸡生境的公路,以MaxEnt为预测模型,模拟公路建设前后黑嘴松鸡适宜生境的分布变化。结果显示:基于最大熵模型的黑嘴松鸡受试者工作特征曲线AUC值为0.945,可信度较高。适生区分析显示:黑嘴松鸡集中分布在保护区核心区和缓冲区,项目建设后不适生区面积大幅度增加。研究认为,最大熵模型能很好地模拟项目建设前后研究区黑嘴松鸡适生区的分布,明确公路项目建设对黑嘴松鸡分布的影响,研究结果可为环评中对适宜生境的评价及预测提供参考。The highway construction project is a linear project.Its main impact on the ecological environment is the isolation and cutting of species habitats,resulting in the reduction of the area of suitable habitats for species,accompanied by light pollution and the decline of acoustic environment quality.Based on the proposed highway passing through the habitat of black billed grouse,a national first-class protected animal,MaxEnt was used as the prediction model to simulate the distribution changes of the suitable habitat of black billed grouse before and after the highway construction.The results showed that the AUC value of the working characteristic curve of black billed grouse based on the maximum entropy model was 0.945,which was highly reliable.The analysis of suitable areas showed that black billed grouse were concentrated in the core area and buffer area of the reserve,and the area of unsuitable areas increased significantly after the construction of the project.The results show that the maximum entropy model can well simulate the distribution of the suitable habitat of black billed grouse in the study area before and after the project construction,and clarify the impact of highway project construction on the distribution of black billed grouse.The research results can provide reference for the evaluation and prediction of the suitable habitat in the environmental impact assessment.

关 键 词：生态环境影响评价 最大熵 物种分布模型 公路项目 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]