厨余垃圾湿式与干式厌氧消化处理全链条碳排放比较分析  

Full-chain carbon emission comparison analysis of wet and dry anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste

作　　者：胡钢 孙建亭 刘思源 郑威 刘凡 侯鹏飞 杨林 杨列[3] HU Gang;SUN Jian-ting;LIU Si-yuan;ZHENG Wei;LIU Fan;HOU Peng-fei;YANG Lin;YANG Lie(Wuhan Huantou Qianzishan Environmental Industry Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China;Wuhan Jiuxiangyun Big Data Technology Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉环投千子山环境产业有限公司,湖北武汉430000 [2]武汉九象云大数据科技有限公司,湖北武汉430000 [3]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《环境生态学》2024年第5期146-150,共5页Environmental Ecology

摘　　要：目前厌氧消化技术是我国应用最普遍的厨余垃圾处理技术,可分为干式与湿式2大类。厨余垃圾厌氧消化处理碳排放核算方法尚未建立。本研究基于沼液回流的“预处理制浆液+湿式厌氧消化”和“预处理除杂+干式厌氧消化”分别分析干式、湿式厨余垃圾厌氧消化工艺全链条的碳排放,通过确定厌氧消化的碳排放源与碳排放边界,测算直接碳排放量、间接碳排放量和可避免碳排放量,最后综合这3类排放量得出厌氧消化的净碳排放量。研究发现,采用沼液回流方式的干式厌氧消化工艺全链条碳减排量较高,达到了-84.43 kg/t,其中,干式处理直接碳排放主要来源为杂质焚烧,湿式处理直接碳排放主要来源为污水处理与杂质焚烧;两者的间接碳排放主要来源均为电力消耗。沼气发电与余热利用产生的碳减排效应是厨余垃圾厌氧消化处理全流程中最大的碳减排子项,以沼气产率为产出目标比以肥料为目标可产生更优的碳减排效应。本研究可为厨余垃圾厌氧消化碳排放方法学的建立提供参考。In the present,anaerobic digestion is the most commonly used technology for kitchen waste treatment in China,and can be divided into two categories:dry and wet.In this study,based on the“pre-treatment slurry+wet anaerobic digestion”and“pre-treatment trash removal+dry anaerobic digestion”,the carbon emissions of the whole chain of dry and wet kitchen waste anaerobic digestion processes are analysed respectively,and the carbon emission sources and carbon emission boundaries of anaerobic digestion are determined.The net carbon emissions from anaerobic digestion were determined by determining the carbon emission sources and carbon emission boundaries of anaerobic digestion,measuring the direct carbon emissions,indirect carbon emissions and avoidable carbon emissions,and finally combining these three types of emissions.It was found that the dry anaerobic digestion process with digestate reflux had the highest chain carbon emission reduction of-84.43 kg/t.The main source of direct carbon emissions from the dry process was impurity incineration,while the main source of direct carbon emissions from the wet process was effluent treatment and impurity incineration;The main source of indirect carbon emissions from both processes was electricity consumption.The carbon reduction effect from biogas generation and waste heat utilisation is the largest carbon reduction sub-component in the whole process of anaerobic digestion of food waste,and using biogas yield as the output target can produce a better carbon reduction effect than using fertiliser as the target.This study provides a reference for the use of dry or wet anaerobic digestion of food waste and carbon reduction management options.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 干式厌氧消化 湿式厌氧消化 碳排放 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]