老年呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌临床检验结果分析  

Results of Clinical Examination of Pathogenic Bacteria in Elderly Patients with Respiratory Tract Infection

作　　者：张程 ZHANG Cheng(Department of Clinical Laboratory,Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Xuzhou,Jiangsu Province,221000 China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市中医院检验科,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《系统医学》2024年第7期47-50,共4页Systems Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析老年呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌的分布及药敏试验结果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年3月徐州市中医院收治的200例老年呼吸道感染患者作为研究对象,严格按照操作流程留取患者的痰液标本,进行细菌分离培养,检测患者病原菌分布情况,并测定细菌耐药性。结果200例老年患者痰液标本经病原性细菌培养,共分离出120株(来自样本反复分离),其中24例患者伴双重或多重病原菌感染。其中革兰阴性杆菌检出率为85.00%,明显高于革兰阳性菌的检出率(12.50%)及真菌的检出率(2.50%),其中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(Extended-spectrumβ-lactam,ESBLs)菌检出率为20.00%。氨苄西林、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟对肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药率均在50%以上;亚胺培南、美罗培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦对肺炎克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药率均低于30.00%;铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌的耐药率在20.00%以下的药物分别为头孢他啶环丙沙星、头孢吡肟以及左氧氟沙星。金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、红霉素的耐药率均为75.00%;对万古霉素、替考拉宁的耐药率为0;产ESBLs菌株对头孢类、左氧氟沙星、妥布霉素、氨苄西林等耐药率均超过50%,对亚胺培南的耐药率为0。结论老年呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌检出以革兰阴性杆菌为主,对常用抗生素有一定耐药性,其中产ESBLs菌株对亚胺培南的耐药率为0,可为临床治疗提供依据。Objective To investigate and analyze the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection and analyze the results of drug sensitivity test.Methods A total of 200 elderly patients with respiratory tract infection admitted to Xuzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to March 2023 were selected as the study objects,and sputum samples of patients were collected in strict accordance with the operating procedures for bacterial isolation and culture.The distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients was detected,and the drug resistance was determined.Results The sputum samples of 200 elderly patients were cultured with pathogenic bacteria,and a total of 120 strains(strains repeatedly isolated from the same sample)were isolated.There were 24 patients with double or multiple pathogenic bacteria infection.The detection rate of Gram-negative bacteria(85.00%)was significantly higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria(12.50%)and fungi(2.50%).The detection rate of ESBLS-producing bacteria was 20.00%.The resistance rates of ampicillin,ceftriaxone,and cefotaxime to Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumannii are all above 50%;The resistance rates of imipenem,meropenem,and piperacillin/tazobactam to Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumannii are all below 30.00%.The drug resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were below 20%to ceftazidime,ciprofloxacin,cefepime and levofloxacin respectively.The resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin and erythromycin was 75.00%,and the resistance rate to vancomycin and teicoplanin was 0.The resistance rate of ESBLS-producing strains to cephalosporin,levofloxacin,tobramycin,ampicillin was more than 50%,and the resistance rate to imipenem was 0.Conclusion The pathogenic bacteria detected in elderly patients with respiratory tract infection were mainly Gram-negative bacilli,which had a certain resistance to common antibiotics,and

关 键 词：老年 呼吸道感染 病原性细菌 药敏试验 

分 类 号：R446.1[医药卫生—诊断学]