低透气煤层无泵式钻扩一体化增透技术与钻具研究  

Research on drilling and expansion integrated permeability enhancement technology and drilling tools without pump for low permeability coal seam

作　　者：田东庄[1,2] 杨文佳 田宏杰 TIAN Dongzhuang;YANG Wenjia;TIAN Hongjie(China Coal Research Institute,Chaoyang,Beijing 100013,China;CCTEG Xi'an Research Institute,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710000,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院,北京市朝阳区100013 [2]中煤科工西安研究院〈集团〉有限公司,陕西省西安市710000

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2024年第5期73-76,共4页China Coal

基　　金：中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司科技创新基金项目(2022XAYKF01-02)。

摘　　要：针对在低透气煤层常规机械掏穴、水力冲孔等增透施工中存在的施工效率低、掏穴装置稳定性差以及需要配备高压泵等问题,提出了无泵式钻扩一体化增透施工技术,研制了配套的双通道送水器、双通道钻杆和造穴装置,并进行了现场工业性试验。结果表明:钻扩一体化增透施工技术在煤矿井下静压水条件下,可实现一趟下钻完成先导孔和机械掏穴的同时作业,解决了常规掏穴装置刀翼开合不稳定、必须配套高压泵的问题,降低了该技术的使用成本;研发的双通道送水器、双通道钻杆和造穴装置工作灵活稳定且可靠性高,造穴段单孔直接扩大至原常规钻孔孔径的4.4倍,显著提升了瓦斯抽采效果,该技术的成功应用为煤矿井下低透气煤层瓦斯抽采钻孔施工提供了技术支撑。In response to the problems of low construction efficiency,poor stability of excavation devices,and the need for high-pressure pumps in conventional mechanical excavation and hydraulic punching for permeability enhancement construction in low permeability coal seams,a technology of drilling and expansion integrated permeability enhancement was proposed.The supporting dual channel water delivery device,dual channel drill pipe,and hole making device have been developed and subjected to on-site industrial tests.The results showed that the technology can achieve simultaneous operation of pilot hole and mechanical excavation with one drilling under static pressure water conditions in coal mines,solving the problems of unstable blade opening and closing of conventional excavation device and the need for high-pressure pumps,and reducing the cost of the technology.The supporting dual channel water delivery device,dual channel drill pipe,and hole making device worked flexibly,stably and reliably.The single hole in the cave making section was directly expanded to 4.4 times the original conventional drilling hole diameter,significantly improving the gas drainage effect.The successful application of this technology provides technical support for the gas drainage drilling construction in low permeability coal seam in underground coal mines.

关 键 词：低透气煤层 钻扩一体化 增透技术 瓦斯抽采 钻孔施工 

分 类 号：TD712.6[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]