一种金属表面发射率测量的新方法  

A New Method for Metal Surface Emissivity Measurement

作　　者：张航 李圣慧 严小亮 卢欣欣 ZHANG Hang;LI Shenghui;YAN Xiaoliang;LU Xinxin(School of Aviation and Transportation,Jiangsu College of Engineering and Technology,Nantong 226006,China;Liupanshui Shuangyuan Aluminum Industry Limited,Liupanshui 553022,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏工程职业技术学院航空与交通工程学院,江苏南通226006 [2]六盘水双元铝业有限责任公司,贵州六盘水553022

出　　处：《河南科技》2024年第7期81-87,共7页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省普通高校自然科学研究计划重大项目(23KJA460004);江苏省普通高校自然科学研究计划面上项目(22KJD480001);江苏省高职院校青年教师企业实践培训项目(2023QYSJ021);南通市基础科学研究计划项目青年科技人才创新专项(JC12022019);江苏工程职业技术学院自然科学研究基金项目(GYKY/2022/6、GYKY/2022/3)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对测量管壳式热交换器的管束表面发射率精度低、成本高的问题,提出了一种廉价且精准的表面发射率测量的新方法。【方法】该方法以马弗炉内部空间为独立的封闭系统,根据能量守恒定律推导出系统内被测对象的表面发射率的函数关系式。对温度采样的过程中的低频噪声污染,采用两种平滑算法进行降噪。【结果】温度设置为200~500℃,对三种不同材质、不同表面处理方式的钢材进行了温度测量和发射率计算与误差分析。对比结果后发现:随温度和尺寸的升高,奥氏体不锈钢发射率逐渐减小,而碳素钢发射率逐渐增大。【结论】新方法可实现表面发射率的在线测量,且误差低。通过温度数据的降噪优化算法可以提高精度。奥氏体不锈钢的发射率与样品的尺寸有关,尺寸越大,发射率越大。[Purposes]Aiming at the problem of low precision and high cost of measuring the surface emissivity of tube bundles of shell-and-tube heat exchangers,this paper proposes a new method of cheap and accurate surface emissivity.[Methods]The method takes the internal space of the muffle furnace as an independent closed system,and derives the functional equation of the surface emissivity of the measured object in the system according to the law of energy conservation.Two smoothing algorithms are used for noise reduction of low-frequency noise pollution in the process of temperature sampling.[Findings]Temperature measurement and emissivity calculation and error analysis were carried out for three different materials and surface treatments of steel in the temperature range of 200~500℃.Comparison of the results shows that the emissivity of austenitic stainless steel gradually decreases with increasing temperature and size,while the emissivity of carbon steel gradually increases.[Conclusions]The new method can realize online measurement of surface emissivity with low error.The accuracy can be improved by the noise reduction optimization algorithm of temperature data.The emissivity of austenitic stainless steel is related to the size of the sample,and the larger the size,the larger the emissivity.

关 键 词：管壳式换热器 钢材料 表面发射率 辐射传热 

分 类 号：TG806[金属学及工艺—公差测量技术]