基于振动和缸压信号的柴油机敲缸故障识别  

Identification of Engine Cylinder Knocking Fault Based on Vibration and Cylinder Pressure Signals

作　　者：赵思恒 魏承印 刘浩 ZHAO Siheng;WEI Chengyin;LIU Hao(Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海船用柴油机研究所,上海201108 [2]先进船舶发动机技术全国重点实验室,上海201108

出　　处：《柴油机》2024年第3期19-23,共5页Diesel Engine

基　　金：先进船舶发动机技术全国重点实验室资助项目。

摘　　要：针对某型船用柴油机的敲缸故障,提出一种基于振动和缸压信号的联合分析诊断方法。结合上止点传感器的脉冲信号,将振动和缸压时域信号根据柴油机曲轴转角位置转换为曲轴转角域信号。根据在曲轴转角域出现敲缸特征信号时对应的振动加速度判断柴油机敲缸激励源频率范围,在此基础上通过带通滤波降噪提高敲缸特征信号的信噪比。基于四冲程柴油机工作周期与曲轴转角的关系对振动和缸压曲轴转角域信号提取故障特征。经柴油机多工况数据验证,本方法对识别柴油机敲缸故障简便、有效、准确性高。A joint analysis fault diagnosis method based on vibration and cylinder pressure signals was proposed for cylinder knocking of a marine diesel engine.Combining with the pulse signal of top dead center(TDC)sensor,the vibration and cylinder pressure time domain signals were converted into angle domain signals according to the crankshaft angle position of diesel engine.Based on the vibration acceleration corresponding to the knocking characteristic signals appearing in the crankshaft angle domain,the frequency range of the diesel engine knocking excitation source is determined,which was used to improve the signal to noise ratio of vibration signal through band-pass filtering.Based on the relationship of working cycle and crankshaft angle of four stroke diesel engine,the fault features of vibration and cylinder pressure angle domain signals were extracted.Verified by multiple operating conditions data of diesel engines,this method is simple,effective,and highly accurate in identifying cylinder knocking faults in diesel engines.

关 键 词：柴油机 敲缸 故障诊断 振动 缸压 

分 类 号：TK428[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]