马克思早期政治哲学探赜  

Exploring Marx's Early Political Philosophy

作　　者：苗贵山 杨璐萌 MIAO Guishan;YANG Lumeng(School of Marxism,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471023,China)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学马克思主义学院,河南洛阳471023

出　　处：《洛阳理工学院学报（社会科学版）》2024年第3期14-19,共6页Journal of Luoyang Institute of Science and Technology：Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社科基金后期资助项目“马克思恩格斯视野中的功利主义研究”(编号:20FKSB041)的阶段性成果.

摘　　要：马克思早期政治哲学的理论主线是从对宗教的批判到对法与政治的批判再到对经济的批判,最后完成对共产主义的理论构建。由此决定了其理论主题是从政治解放走向人类解放。政治解放确立的政治国家以及人权原则旨在维护有产阶级的特殊自由与特殊利益,把共同体看作是相互分离的个体的集合体,因而是虚假的共同体。人类解放确立的共产主义就是在共同占有生产资料的联合劳动中通过实现每个人自由全面的发展而达到普遍利益与特殊利益的有机统一,注重的是个体与共同体和谐共生,因而是真正的共同体。The main theoretical line of Marx's early political philosophy can be traced from the criticism of religion to the criticism of law and politics to the criticism of economy,and finally to the completion of the theoretical construction of communism.Therefore,its theoretical theme goes from political liberation to human liberation.The principle of political state and human rights established in political liberation aims to safeguard the special freedom and special interests of the bourgeoisie,and regards the community as a collection of separate individuals,which is a false community,while the communism established from human liberation is to achieve the organic unity of general interests and special interests through the free and all-round development of everyone with the joint labor of commonly occupying the means of production.It focuses on the harmonious coexistence of individual and community,so it is a real community.From the perspective of ethics,the distinction between the false community and the real community lies in whether the unity between special interests and general interests,between individual life and class life can be realized.

关 键 词：马克思 政治哲学 政治解放 人类解放 普遍利益 特殊利益 

分 类 号：A121[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]