机构地区:[1]陕西省西安植物园、陕西省植物研究所 [2]陕西省植物资源保护与利用工程技术研究中心,西安710061
出 处:《陕西林业科技》2024年第1期40-45,68,共7页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology
基 金:陕西省重点研发计划农业攻关项目(2019NY-047);陕西省科学院优秀青年科研项目暨青年联合创新项目(2017k-04)。
摘 要:探讨不同施肥量对菩提树容器苗生长和养分累积的影响,为北方地区菩提树容器育苗栽培措施提供理论参考依据。以1 a生菩提树扦插苗为试验材料,以美植袋为容器进行栽植,采用随机区组设计,设定对照和7个不同氮磷钾配比共8个处理(F_(1)~F_(8)),施肥5次,间隔为15 d,施肥同时测定菩提树的苗高、地径,最后一次施肥2周后测定菩提树生物量及养分含量。结果表明:不同施肥量对菩提树容器苗生长具有显著影响,不同N、P、K配比施肥中,F_(4)(氮肥、钾肥、磷肥用量为N 6.0 g·株^(-1)、P_(2)O_(5)1.5 g·株^(-1)和0.3 g·株^(-1))施肥量下,菩提树株高生长最快,增长率为380%。F_(1)(氮肥、钾肥、磷肥用量为N 0.0 g·株^(-1)、P_(2)O_(5)1.0 g·株^(-1)和K_(2)O 0.3 g·株^(-1))处理下,菩提树地径增长最快,总生物量最高。(2)不同施肥量下,菩提树全氮、全磷、全钾含量在根、茎、叶中分布呈显著差异。在施P1.5 g·株^(-1)处理下,随着施N量增加,全株含氮量呈增加趋势,在施P 1 g·株^(-1)处理下,随着施N量增加,全株含氮量呈递减趋势。随着N、P肥的增施,全株钾含量降低,增施N、P,菩提树对钾肥吸收降低。(3)叶片生长量与茎部氮含量、全株氮含量及根部磷含量呈极显著正相关,根部生物量与叶氮含量呈极显著正相关,与叶片磷含量、全株磷含量呈正相关;总生物量与叶片氮含量、全株磷含量呈正相关。钾肥在氮磷肥施用时,促进氮磷肥的均衡吸收,促进菩提树容器苗的生长。在本研究施肥配比范围内,N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O分别为6.0、1.5和0.3 g时菩提树株高生长最快,在N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O分别为0.0、1.0和0.3 g时,菩提树根系生长最好。The purpose of the research was to find the growth rules and nutrient accumulation of Ficus religiosa at seedling container and measures for container seedling cultivation in the north of China.The one-year-old cutting seedlings of Ficus religiosa were used as experimental materials,and potted in planting bags.A randomized block design was adopted,with 8 treatments including control and 7 different amounts of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Fertilization was carried out for 5 times at intervals of 15 days,and the seedling height and ground diameter of Ficus religiosa seedlings with containers were measured at the same time,and the biomass and nutrient content of them were measured 2 weeks after the last fertilization.The results showed that:(1)the different fertilization amounts had a significant effect on the growth of Ficus religiosa seedlings.Among the different N,P and K fertilization amounts,the fastest growth of height of Ficus religiosa L.was observed with the treatment F4(6 g N plant^(-1),1.5 g P_(2)O_(5)plant^(-1) and 0.3 g K_(2)O plant^(-1)),increasing by 380%.The fastest growth of ground diameter and the highest total biomass were observed with F1(0 g N plant^(-1),1g P_(2)O_(5)plant^(-1) and 0.3 g K_(2)O plant^(-1))treatment.(2)The distribution of total nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium contents in roots,stems and leaves showed significant differences under different fertilization rates.When the amount of phosphorus application was 1.5 g plant^(-1),the nitrogen content of the whole plant increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.When the amount of phosphorus application was 1g plant^(-1),the nitrogen content of the whole plant decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.With the increase of N and P fertilizer,the potassium content of the whole plant decreased,and the absorption of potassium fertilizer decreased with the increase of N and P fertilizer.(3)Leaf growth was significantly positively correlated with stem nitrogen content,whole plant nitrogen content and root phos
分 类 号:S722.37[农业科学—林木遗传育种]
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