吡啶-氧杂二氮唑在钯离子萃取分离中的应用  

Synthesis of Pyridine-oxadiazole Ligand and Its Application in Palladium Ion Extraction and Separation

作　　者：张丽芬 李书启[1] 叶泽聪 梁宁 许奕超 刘志豪 ZHANG Li-fen;LI Shu-qi;YE Ze-cong;LIANG Ning;XU Yi-chao;LIU Zhi-hao(School of Food Engineering,Tianjin Tianshi College,Tianjin 301700,China;School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China;Telinga Technology(Beijing)Limited Company,Beijing 100020,China;Gansu Weimei Food Limited Company,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津天狮学院食品工程学院,天津301700 [2]广东工业大学轻工化工学院,广东广州510006 [3]泰灵佳科技(北京)有限公司,北京100020 [4]甘肃味美食品有限公司,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《化学试剂》2024年第6期71-76,共6页Chemical Reagents

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会青年科学基金项目(NSFC22205040)。

摘　　要：高放废液中钯的萃取分离对贵金属钯资源的回收利用和核燃料循环中的玻璃固化过程都有重要意义,其关键在于高效高选择性萃取体系的开发和设计。基于氮杂环配体高效配合钯离子的特性,设计合成了一种具有吡啶-氧杂二氮唑结构的萃取剂6,6′-((4-异丁氧基吡啶-2,6-二基)双(1,2,4-氧杂二氮唑-5,3-二基))双(4-异丁氧基吡啶甲腈)(T2),用于酸性条件下钯离子的选择性萃取。以间硝基三氟甲苯为稀释剂且在1 mol/L 2-溴己酸存在下,配体T2对钯离子体现出较好的萃取能力。萃取动力学表明2 h即可萃取68%的钯进入有机相。该体系适用酸度广泛,在0.2~4 mol/L硝酸条件下均对钯展现出定量萃取,表明其优异的酸稳定性。此外,在多种阳离子共存的条件下,该体系能高选择性地分离萃取出钯离子,表明其良好的实际应用潜力。研究不仅提供了一类高效的钯萃取剂,更为其它新型钯萃取剂和萃取体系的开发提供了重要参考。The extraction and separation of palladium from high-level liquid waste is of great significance to the recovery and utilization of precious metal palladium resources and the glass solidification process in the nuclear fuel cycle.The key lies in the development and design of efficient and highly selective extraction system.Based on the characteristics of efficient complexation of palladium ions with nitrogen heterocyclic ligands,an extractant 6,6′-((4-isobutoxypyridine-2,6-diyl)bis(1,2,4-oxadiazole-5,3-diyl))bis(4-isobutoxypicolinonitrile)(T2)with pyridine-oxadiazole structure was designed and synthesized for the selective extraction of palladium ions under acidic conditions.With 3-nitrobenzotrifluoride as the diluent and in the presence of 1 mol/L 2-bromhexanoic acid,ligand T2 has a good extraction ability for palladium ion.The extraction kinetics showed that 68%of palladium could be extracted into the organic phase within 2 h.The system is applicable to a wide range of acidity,and almost shows quantitative extraction of palladium under the condition of 0.2~4 mol/L nitric acid,indicating its excellent acid stability.In addition,under the condition of coexistence of multiple cations,the system can selectively separate and extract palladium ions,indicating its good practical application potential.This work not only provides a kind of efficient palladium extractants,but also provides an important reference for the development of other new palladium extractants and extraction systems.

关 键 词：钯分离 氮杂环 高放废液 溶剂萃取 配体 

分 类 号：O641.4[理学—物理化学]