油梨根际土壤微生物群落及其共生网络对根腐病的响应  

Responses of avocado rhizosphere soil microbial community and its co-occurrence network to root rot disease

作　　者：何应会[1] 黄耀恒[1] 陆荣民 杨日升 韦燕妮 梁文汇[1] HE Yinghui;HUANG Yaoheng;LU Rongmin;YANG Risheng;WEI Yanni;LIANG Wenhui(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Utilization,Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China;Baise Forestry Scientific Research Institute,Baise 533000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室,广西南宁530002 [2]百色市林业科学研究所,广西百色533000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2024年第4期106-115,共10页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32001229);广西特色经济林培育与利用重点实验室自主课题(JA-20-01-06);自治区财政林木良种补助专项(ZX31232506)。

摘　　要：【目的】为研发根腐病绿色综合防控技术提供理论依据,有效推进油梨树种产业发展。【方法】本研究以百色市林业科学研究所的健康和根腐病发病油梨植株根际土壤为研究对象,并利用基于16S核糖体RNA(rRNA)和内部转录间隔区(ITS)扩增子高通量测序技术,分析健康和染病植株根际细菌和真菌群落结构、组成及多样性差异,比较细菌和真菌群落结构及其相互作用,确定土壤病原菌和有益菌的变化。【结果】染病植株相对于健康植株,根际细菌和真菌群落结构和多样性均没有显著性变化。变形菌门Proteobacteria、酸杆菌门acidobacteria、放线菌门actinobacteria、拟杆菌门bacteroidetes和绿弯菌门chloroflexi是油梨根际土壤优势细菌类群,子囊菌门ascomycota和担子菌门basidiomycota是油梨根际土壤优势真菌类群。在门分类水平、纲分类水平以及属分类水平上,细菌和真菌群落组成有明显的变化,但随着分类水平降低,群落组成变化越明显。此外,健康和染病油梨根际细菌群落α多样性显著高于真菌群落,而健康与染病之间细菌群落结构差异小于真菌。细菌物种之间的相互作用比真菌网络物种间的相互作用更紧密,并且负连接百分比和关节类群数量更多,细菌网络的稳定性更高。同样,油梨根际土壤细菌群落相对于真菌群落表现出更高的生态位宽度和生态位重叠。对根腐病有反应的细菌和真菌,如芽孢杆菌Bacillus、假单胞杆菌pseudomonas和溶杆菌lysobacter和球囊菌纲glomeromycetes,由于其在染病油梨根际土壤中的相对丰度均高于健康土壤,可以被视为相关的生物防治菌。【结论】根腐病并不会使油梨根际细菌和真菌群落结构和多样性发生显著性变化,但会使得一些有益菌的相对丰度增加,并且细菌比真菌对根腐病具有更高的抵抗力。【Objective】To provide a theoretical basis for the research of green comprehensive prevention and control technology of root rot disease,and effectively promoted the development of avocado(Persea americana Mill.)seed industry.【Method】In this study,the rhizosphere soil of healthy and root rot diseased avocado plants in Baise Forestry Science Research Institute was taken as the research object,and the high-throughput sequencing technology based on 16S rRNA and internal transcribed spacer(ITS)amplicon was used to analyze the differences in the structure,composition and diversity of the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities of healthy and diseased plants,and compare the structure and interaction of bacterial and fungal communities,determine changes in soil pathogens and beneficial microorganisms.【Result】The structure and diversity of rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities in diseased avocado showed no significant changes compared to healthy avocado.Pseudomonadota,Acidobacteriota,Actinomycetota,Bacteroidota and Chloroflexota were the dominant bacterial taxa in the rhizosphere soil of avocado,and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungal taxa.At the level of phylum,class,and genus classification,there were significant changes in the composition of bacterial and fungal communities,but as the classification level decreased,the changes in community composition became more obvious.In addition,the alpha diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities was significantly higher than that of fungal communities in the rhizosphere of healthy and diseased avocados,while the difference in bacterial community structure between healthy and diseased avocados was smaller than that of fungal community.The interactions between bacterial species were closer than those between fungal species,and the percentage of negative connections and the number of keystone taxa were higher,resulting in higher stability of the bacterial network.Similarly,bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of avocado showed hig

关 键 词：油梨 根腐病 高通量测序 根际细菌群落 根际真菌群落 共生网络 

分 类 号：S714.3[农业科学—林学]