斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)、云龙石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂)、许氏平鮋(Sebastes schlegelii)游泳行为对比分析研究  

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SWIMMING BEHAVIOR OF FISH OPLEGNATHUS PUNCTATUS,EPINEPHELUS MOARA♀×E.LANCEOLATUS♂,AND SEBASTES SCHLEGELII

作　　者：刘铠源 段勇杰 程浩 吕俊贤 谢婷 李娟[4] 关长涛 贾玉东[2,3] LIU Kai-Yuan;DUAN Yong-Jie;CHENG Hao;LYU Jun-Xian;XIE Ting;LI Juan;GUAN Chang-Tao;JIA Yu-Dong(Fisheries College of Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China;Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center,Qingdao 266237,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]青岛海洋科技中心,山东青岛266237 [3]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [4]青岛农业大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2024年第3期555-565,共11页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,2022QNLM030001-4号;中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费,2023TD81号;中央引导地方资金,YDZX2022120号;山东省自然科学基金,ZR2020KC027号。

摘　　要：水流是影响鱼类生存和繁衍的重要的环境因子之一,通过比较分析三种深远海适养鱼类斑石鲷(Oplegnathus punctatus)、云龙石斑鱼(Epinephelus moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂)和许氏平鮋(Sebastes schlegelii)的游泳行为变化规律,以期为深远海养殖科学放养和大型养殖设施精准选址提供理论依据和技术支撑。以同一规格[(250.00±14.00)g]的三种适养鱼类为研究对象,利用鱼类游泳行为检测装置,在(24.00±1.08)℃条件下,观察分析三种鱼类的摆尾频率(TBF)、摆尾幅度(TBA)、运动步长(SL)和摆尾时间百分比。结果发现,许氏平鮋的TBF最大,SL最小;云龙石斑鱼的TBA最小;斑石鲷的摆尾时间百分比最大;且三种鱼类的TBF和SL在1~5 BL/s流速下均存在显著性差异(P<0.05),1、3和5 BL/s流速下摆尾时间百分比和2~4 BL/s流速TBA存在显著性差异(P<0.05)。三种鱼类的TBF、TBA和SL同流速均呈显著的线性正相关关系(P<0.05),摆尾时间百分比均随着流速增加先升高再降低。斑石鲷和云龙石斑鱼在1~4 BL/s流速下的TBF、TBA、SL之间均存在显著相关性(P<0.05),许氏平鮋在3~4 BL/s流速下三种指标存在显著相关性(P<0.05);但三种鱼类的摆尾时间百分比与其他指标之间均没有显著的相关性。以上结果表明,三种鱼类伴随着流速增加,其游泳行为指标皆呈现显著规律性变化,许氏平鮋TBF、TBA和SL之间只在高流速呈现显著相关性,预示相较于斑石鲷和云龙石斑鱼,其采取了不同于其他两种鱼类的游泳行为策略来应对低流速的水流环境。Water flow is an important environmental factor affecting the survival and reproduction of fish.We compared and analyzed the changes in swimming behavior of three species of deep-water fish suitable for cultivation,namely,Oplegnathus punctatus,Epinephelus moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂,and Sebastes schlegelii,to provide a theoretical basis and technical support for scientific stocking of deep-water aquaculture and precise positioning of large-scale aquaculture facilities.The three kinds of fish species suitable for culture were collected in the same weight[(250.00±14.00)g]for this research,and a fish swimming behavior detection device was developed to measure fish swimming behavior at(24.00±1.08)°C.Parameters including tail beat frequency(TBF),tail beat amplitude(TBA),step length(SL),and percentage of tail beat time(%TBT)were observed and analyzed.Results showed that the TBF of Sebastes schlegelii was the largest and the SL was the smallest.The TBA of Epinephelus moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂was the smallest;and the%TBT of Oplegnathus punctatus was the largest.Moreover,TBF and SL of the three fish species had significant differences at 1~5 BL/s(body length/s)(P<0.05),and the percentage of tail beat time at 1,3,and 5 BL/s,and TBA at 2~4 BL/s were significantly different(P<0.05).The TBF,TBA,and SL of the three fish species were significantly and positively correlated with the flow velocity(P<0.05),and the%TBT increased first and then decreased with flow velocity.There were significant correlations among TBF,TBA and SL of Oplegnathus punctatus and Epinephelus moara♀×E.lanceolatus♂at 1~4 BL/s(P<0.05),and among the three indexes of Sebastes schlegelii at 3~4 BL/s(P<0.05).However,there was no significant correlation between the%TBT of the three fish species and other indicators.The above results show that all the swimming behavior indexes of the three fish species showed significant regular changes with the increase of flow velocity;and TBF,TBA,and SL of Sebastes schlegelii were significantly correlated with the high

关 键 词：斑石鲷 云龙石斑鱼 许氏平鮋 摆尾频率 摆尾幅度 运动步长 摆尾时间百分比 

分 类 号：S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]