“责怪”类情感动词叙实性的句法语义机制  

On the Syntactic and Semantic Mechanisms of the Factivity of“Blame”-type Emotional Verbs

作　　者：李文贤 LI Wen-xian(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学系,上海200433

出　　处：《汉语学习》2024年第3期104-112,共9页Chinese Language Learning

摘　　要：“责怪”类情感动词是一类以自身语义蕴涵某种内在事实的叙实动词。[负向价值]和[消极体验]为“责怪”类情感动词的叙实性提供了概念结构基础,叙实性要求其所带宾语小句所述为现实性事态,具体表现在小句的时制、体貌、名词化,以及小句对内层语气词的接受等方面,主句中的情态动词、语气副词对小句的现实性没有影响。“责怪”类情感动词主观性较强,叙实性的主观倾向显著,在非现实性句法环境中,其叙实性会发生漂移,由叙实性变为非叙实性。The“blame”-type of emotional verbs are a kind of factive verbs that contain certain internal facts in their own semantics.The negative value and passive experience provide a conceptual semantic framework for the factivity of“blame”-type emotional verbs.The factivity require the object clause to describe a realis situation,which is manifested in the tense,aspect,nominalized object components,and acceptance of inner language gas words in the clause.The modal verbs and modal adverbs in the main sentence have no effect on the realis of the clause.The“blame”-type emotional verbs have a strong subjectivity and a high subjective tendency towards factivity.In irrealis syntactic environments,the factivity may shift from factive to none-factive.

关 键 词：“责怪”类情感动词 叙实性 语义结构 现实性 漂移 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]