景观功能视角下的西南山区农业景观格局演变研究——以重庆市石柱县为例  

A Study on the Evolution of Agricultural Landscape Pattern in Mountainous Areas of Southwest China from the Perspective of Landscape Function——A Case Study of Shizhu County,Chongqing City

作　　者：江娟丽[1] 施开放 伍亿真 JIANG Juanli;SHI Kaifang;WU Yizhen(School of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu Anhui 241002,China;State Key Laboratory of Surveying,Mapping and Remote Sensing Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241002 [3]武汉大学测绘遥感信息工程国家重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期109-122,共14页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(23BMZ045).

摘　　要：鉴于中国西南山区农业生态环境的脆弱性与敏感性,解析该地区农业景观时空演变特征对合理利用农业景观资源和保护生态环境具有重要的理论意义.以重庆市石柱县为例,采用景观利用图谱、地形位分布指数、景观转移矩阵等方法,从景观功能视角开展西南山区农业景观格局演变特征分析.研究表明:①农业景观呈现出“三增一减”的变化趋势,即生活型和拓展型农业景观面积呈增长态势,生态型农业景观面积呈波动变化趋势;生产型农业景观面积持续下降.农业景观变化主要表现为生产型向生态型、生活型、拓展型农业景观转化;生态型向生活型、生产型、拓展型农业景观转化.②石柱县生态型农业景观主要分布在高等级地形位,生产型农业景观逐渐向高程和坡度较高的地形位移动,生活型农业景观主要分布在低、中低等级地形位上,拓展型农业景观逐渐向较高地形位转移.③坡度、高程等是导致研究区农业景观格局演变的主要环境因素;而农业人口、农民人均纯收入、第一产业占比等是农业景观格局演变重要的人文驱动因素.Given the fragility and sensitivity of the agro-ecological environment in the mountainous areas of southwest China,an analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the agricultural landscape in this region is of great theoretical significance for the rational use of agricultural landscape resources and the protection of the ecological environment.This article employs the case study of Shizhu County in Chongqing city as a point of reference to examine the evolution of the agricultural landscape in the southwestern mountainous region of China.The analysis was conducted through the lens of landscape function,employing techniques such as landscape utilization maps,terrain position distribution indices,and landscape transfer matrices.The findings of this study indicate that the agricultural landscape exhibits a pattern of“three increases and one decrease”.This indicates that the area of living and expanding type agricultural landscapes continues to expand,while the area of ecological agricultural landscapes shows a fluctuation trend.Additionally,the landscape area of production-oriented agriculture continues to decline.The most notable manifestation of agricultural landscape changes is the transformation from production-oriented to ecological,life-oriented,and expansion-oriented agricultural landscapes,as well as the transformation from ecological to life-oriented,production-oriented,and expansion-oriented agricultural landscapes.The ecological agricultural landscape in Shizhu County is primarily distributed in high-level terrain,while the production agricultural landscape gradually shifts towards higher elevation and slope terrain.In contrast,the life-oriented agricultural landscape is primarily distributed in low,medium-low level terrain,while the expansion-oriented agricultural landscape gradually shifts towards higher elevation terrain.These landscape patterns exhibit significant terrain gradient differentiation characteristics at the landscape level.Slope and elevation are the main environmental

关 键 词：农业景观 格局演变 景观利用图谱 地形梯度 乡村振兴 景观保护 西南山区 

分 类 号：F303.4[经济管理—产业经济]