石油降解菌株的生物炭固定化及性能研究  

Biochar immobilization and performance of petroleum degrading strains

作　　者：林婷 李海红[1] 温家峰 LIN Ting;LI Haihong;WEN Jiafeng(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi′an Polytechnic University,Xi′an 710048,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《化学工程》2024年第5期6-12,共7页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：陕西省科技厅项目一般项目——农业领域(2024NC-YBXM-240);西安市科学技术局农业技术攻关项目(23NYGG0045);陕西省教育厅服务地方项目(23JC034)。

摘　　要：固定化菌剂是一种理想的有机污染物降解材料。以壳基生物炭作为载体,高效石油降解菌为目标微生物,采用吸附法制备固定化石油降解菌剂。探究菌接种量、炭投加量、时间、温度和摇床转速对固定率的影响,通过正交试验和响应面分析法确定菌剂最佳制备条件。以投加量和石油质量分数为变量,考察生物炭、游离菌和固定化菌剂的除油性能。结果显示:0.3 g炭投加量、2.26 mL菌接种量、8.462 h固定、转速为38.331 r/min、30℃,此条件下固定率最佳,可达87.261%。影响固定率的主次因素为:菌接种量>摇床转速>固定化时间>炭投加量。该固定化菌剂对石油整体降解能力在74%—84%,优于游离菌及生物炭对石油的降解效果,表明固定化菌剂对于石油污染土壤的生物修复具有较好的应用前景。Immobilized bacteria agent is an ideal material for degradation of organic pollutants.Using shell-based biochar as carrier and efficient petroleum degrading bacteria as target microorganism,immobilized petroleum degrading bacteria was prepared by adsorption method.The effects of inoculation amount,carbon dosage,time,temperature and shaking speed on fixation rate were investigated,and the optimum preparation conditions of inoculant were determined by orthogonal experiment and response surface analysis.The oil removal properties of biochar,free bacteria and immobilized bacteria were investigated with dosage and oil mass fraction as variables.The results show that under the conditions of 0.3 g carbon dosage,2.26 mL inoculation amount,fixation for 8.462 h,rotation speed of 38.331 r/min,30℃,the fixation rate is the best,reaching 87.261%.The main and secondary factors affecting the fixation rate are:inoculation amount>shaking speed>immobilization time>carbon dosage.The overall degradation capacity of the immobilized bacteriological agent for petroleum is 74%-84%,which is better than that of free bacteria and biochar,indicating that the immobilized bacteriological agent has a good application prospect for the bio-remediation of petroleum contaminated soil.

关 键 词：固定化菌剂 石油降解菌 响应面分析法 石油降解率 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X53