氰化尾渣综合回收利用工艺优化研究  

Optimization of Comprehensive Recovery and Utilization Process of Cyanidation Tailings

作　　者：刘全坤 高鹏[1,2] 刘杰 张淑敏[1,2] 董再蒸 袁帅[1,2] 赵冰 LIU Quankun;GAO Peng;LIU Jie;ZHANG Shumin;DONG Zaizheng;YUAN Shuai;ZHAO Bing(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819 [2]难采选铁矿资源高效开发利用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,沈阳110819

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第5期127-135,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目青年拔尖人才(XLYC2007055)。

摘　　要：鉴于国家环保政策的调整,环保部等三部委已将“采用氰化物进行选矿过程中产生的氰化尾渣”定为危险废物,而即将执行的新环保税法将对危险废物征收1000元/t的环境保护税,氰化废物的经济消解是未来氰化厂主要研究课题和发展方向。山东某氰化尾渣中含有一定品位的铅、锌、铜,该氰化尾渣不进行回收处理,不仅会造成资源浪费,也会对环境造成污染。如果对这部分多金属进行回收,会产生良好的经济效益。从氰化尾渣中回收有价金属元素不同于从原矿中回收有价金属元素,回收其中的有价元素较困难。为解决此问题,根据该氰化尾渣的性质,采取代表性的尾渣矿样,拟采取确定合理的选矿工艺回收尾矿中的有价金属,采用先浮铅锌再浮硫的优先浮选工艺流程试验,该试验流程能够取得较好的有价金属元素回收效果。结果表明,在原矿含铅2.56%、含锌0.95%、含铜0.19%的条件下,采用一粗两精两扫的流程浮选铅锌、一粗两精两扫的流程浮选硫的工艺,处理该氰化尾渣,获得了含铅品位19.77%、回收率21.50%,锌品位19.69%、回收率71.07%,铜含量1.43%的铅锌精矿,硫品位45.27%、回收率35.92%的硫精矿。新工艺流程指标更优,药剂成本更低、工艺更简洁,不仅铅锌精矿中铅、锌均得到有效的回收,其中伴生硫的指标也得到了改善,为氰化尾渣中铅锌铜硫的回收提供了方案。In view of the adjustment of national environmental protection policy,the Ministry of Environmental Protection and other three ministries and commissions have designated“cyanidation tailings produced in beneficiation using cyantde”as hazardous waste,and the new environmental protection tax law to be implemented will levy an environmental protection tax of 1000Yuan/t on hazardous waste.Economic digestion of cyanide waste is the main research topic and development direction of cyanidation plants in the future.Some cyanidation tailings in Shandong province contain lead,zinc and copper of certain grade.If the cyanidation tailings are not recycled,it will not only waste resources,but also pollute the environment.If this part of polymetals is recovered,good economic benefits will be produced.Recovery of valuable metal elements from cyanidation tailings is different from that from raw ore,and it is difficult to recover valuable elements from cyanidation tailings.In order to solve this problem,according to the properties of the tailings,representative samples are taken,and a reasonable beneficiation process is proposed to recover the valuable metals in the tailings.A preferential flotation process of floating lead and zinc first and then floating sulfur is adopted,which can achieve better recovery of valuable metals.The results show that under the conditions of 2.56%Pb,0.95%Zn and 0.19%Cu in the raw ore,a Pb-Zn concentrate with Pb grade 19.77%,Pb recovery 21.50%,Zn grade 19.69%,Zn recovery 71.07% and Cu content 1.43%,and asulfur concentrate with sulfur grade 45.27%and sulfur recovery 35.92%can be obtained by adopting theflotation process of one roughing,two cleanings and two scavengings.The new process has better processindexes,lower reagent cost and simpler process.Not only lead and zinc in lead-zinc concentrate areeffectively recovered,but also the associated sulfur recover is improved,which provides a scheme for therecovery of lead,zinc,copper and sulfur in cyanidation tailings.

关 键 词：氰化尾渣 优先浮选 工艺优化 铅锌硫化矿 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿]