中亚造山带西准噶尔地区达尔布特蛇绿岩研究进展与展望  

Progress and Prospect of the Darbut Ophiolite in West Junggar,Central Asian Orogenic Belt

作　　者：杨高学[1,2] 刘晓宇 朱钊 李海 佟丽莉[1,2] YANG Gaoxue;LIU Xiaoyu;ZHU Zhao;LI Hai;TONG Lii(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering,Ministry of Education,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;Northwest Geological Exploration Institute of China Metallurgical Geology Bureau,Xi’an 710119,Shaanxi,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Shiyou University,Xi’an 710065,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学地球科学与资源学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西部矿产资源与地质工程教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054 [3]中国冶金地质总局西北地质勘查院,陕西西安710119 [4]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《西北地质》2024年第3期1-10,I0002,共11页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“达尔布特及克拉玛依蛇绿混杂岩中洋岛型玄武岩地球化学特征及成因研究”(41303027);陕西省自然科学基金项目“西准噶尔唐巴勒蛇绿混杂岩:对俯冲起始机制的启示”(2023-JC-YB-236);“西准噶尔哈拉阿拉特山早二叠世年代地层序列及沉积演化——对古准噶尔洋闭合的约束”(2023-JC-QN-0318)联合资助。

摘　　要：蛇绿岩是研究古大洋的主要载体和划分古板块边界的重要证据,记录了从大洋岩石圈的最初形成到最后洋盆闭合的诸多信息,是研究洋–陆转换过程的关键地质体。西准噶尔达尔布特蛇绿岩是北疆地区发育规模最大、最为典型的蛇绿岩带之一,相关研究近年来取得了系列成果。①在萨尔托海铬铁矿中发现金刚石等深部矿物群,从而对此前铬铁矿的浅部成矿理论提出了质疑。②在蛇绿岩中识别出前弧玄武岩,它是俯冲起始的地质记录之一。③蛇绿岩中存在古海山物质组分,其中玄武岩具有OIB特征。④萨尔托海铬铁矿是深部地幔预富集和浅部再富集的结果。⑤达尔布特蛇绿岩形成于俯冲有关的构造环境,并有地幔柱的参与。在取得进展的同时,也出现了一些新的科学问题和研究方向,主要包括深部物质循环过程、俯冲起始机制、陆壳增生机制和俯冲带型蛇绿岩成因等。Ophiolite is a major material for studying of ancient oceans and important lithological evidence for delineating ancient plate boundaries.It records valuable information from the initial formation of the oceanic lithosphere to the final closure of the ocean basin,and is also a key geological target for studying the ocean–con-tinent transition process.The Darbut ophiolite in West Junggar is one of the largest and most typical ophiolites exposed in northern Xinjiang.A series of new advances have been achieved in recent years:①Diamonds and other exotic minerals have been recovered from chromitites of the Sartohay ophiolites,thus challenging the pre-vious theory of shallow chromitite genesis.②Fore–arc basalts have been identified in the ophiolite,which is one of the geological records of subduction initiation.③Ancient seamount material components have been rec-ognized in the ophiolite,in which the basalt show OIB characteristics.④Sartohay chromitite is the result of deep mantle pre–enrichment and shallow re–enrichment.⑤A formation environment mainly associated with a subduction–related tectonic setting,with the involvement of the mantle plume,has been suggested.Despite pro-gresses mentioned above,some new scientific issues and research directions have emerged,mainly concerning deep mantle mass recycling processes,subduction initiation mechanisms,crustal growth processes,and subduc-tion zone ophiolite genesis.

关 键 词：大地构造 蛇绿岩 海山 达尔布特 西准噶尔 

分 类 号：P581[天文地球—岩石学]