全球沉积–变沉积型钴成矿规律及其对宁夏钴矿找矿研究的启示  

Metallogeny of Global Sedimentary-Metasedimentary Cobalt Deposits and Their Implications for the Exploration of Cobalt Deposits in Ningxia

作　　者：林文海 王焕 贺海洋 张汐 周敖日格勒 隋清霖 朱晓强 张焕宝 侯淡平 李朋刚 LIN Wenhai;WANG Huan;HE Haiyang;ZHANG XI;ZHOU Aorigele;SUI Qinglin;ZHU Xiaoqiang;ZHANG Huanbao;HOU Danping;LI Penggang(Sichuan Province Southwest Dadi Group Co.Ltd.,Chengdu 610032,Sichuan,China;China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing 102249,China;School of Resource&Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,Hunan,China;Nonferrous Metals Geological Exploration of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(Geological Data Center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region),Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment,Institute of Mineral Resources,China Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;School of Geography and Tourism,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241000,Anhui,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省西南大地集团有限公司,四川成都610032 [2]中国石油大学(北京),北京102249 [3]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001 [4]宁夏回族自治区有色金属地质勘察院(宁夏回族自治区地质资料馆),宁夏银川750021 [5]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室,北京100037 [6]安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽芜湖241000 [7]合肥工业大学资源与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230009

出　　处：《西北地质》2024年第3期177-195,共19页Northwestern Geology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金面上项目“融合机器学习的羌塘早白垩世埃达克质岩成因及构造意义研究”(2023JJ30507);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目“青藏高原中部构造岩浆演化研究:来自埃达克质岩的约束”(22B0433)联合资助。

摘　　要：钴是全球战略性关键金属矿产,对国民经济建设和新兴产业发展具有重要意义。宁夏北山钴矿被认为是具有多期热液叠加改造的沉积–变沉积型钴矿床,但其成矿时代和构造背景以及钴的来源、赋存状态和迁移富集机制等研究还比较薄弱。为探讨上述问题并启示宁夏北山钴矿找矿研究,笔者系统总结了全球沉积–变沉积型钴成矿规律,其成矿时代主要集中在古元古代—新元古代,空间上主要分布于中非赞比亚–刚果金、美国爱达荷、芬兰和中国等地,与全球超大陆聚合与裂解旋回、全球大氧化和极端气候等重大地质事件有密切关系。基于上述研究,笔者认为宁夏北山钴矿研究应在成矿年代学、重大地质事件与成矿关系、含矿地层地球化学特征、物源属性及其成矿构造背景、数据驱动的钴成矿预测等方面开展深入和详细的研究,支撑服务战略性关键金属矿产找矿行动。Cobalt is currently a globally strategic key metal mineral,which is of great significance for the con-struction of the national economy and the development of emerging industries.The Beishan cobalt deposit in Ningxia is considered to be a sedimentary-metamorphic cobalt deposit with multiple periods of hydrothermal su-perimposed transformation.However,research on its mineralization era and structural background,as well as the source,occurrence status,and migration and enrichment mechanism of cobalt,is still relatively weak.The Ningxia cobalt deposit is a sedimentary-metasedimentary cobalt,whose genesis is controlled by multi-factors such as sedimentation,metamorphism and hydrotherm.At present,the mineralization era and tectonic back-ground of the deposit,as well as the source,occurrence state,and migration and enrichment mechanism of cobalt were poorly studied.To explore the above issues and inspire research on cobalt ore exploration in Ningxia,this study systematically summarizes the global sedimentary metamorphic cobalt mineralization patterns.The miner-alization ages are mainly concentrated in the Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic,and spatially distributed in Central Africa,Zambia Congo,Idaho,Finland,and China.Moreover,the formation of sedimentary-cobalt de-posits is closely related to major geological events such as global supercontinent aggregation and fragmentation cycles,global large-scale oxidation,and extreme climate.Based on the above research,this study suggest that re-search on cobalt deposits in Ningxia region should be conducted in depth and detail in areas such as mineraliza-tion chronology,major geological events and their relationship with mineralization,geochemical characteristics of ore bearing strata,material source attributes and their mineralization tectonic background,and data-driven cobalt mineralization prediction.And this study will support the exploration of strategic key metal mineral re-sources.

关 键 词：钴矿床 沉积–变沉积型 成矿时代 成矿预测 宁夏 

分 类 号：P617[天文地球—矿床学]