墩头角度对竖缝式鱼道水力特性的影响  

Influence of Pier Head Angle on Hydraulic Characteristics of Vertical Slot Fishway

作　　者：韩雷 吕春玮 王正君[2] 张帅康 李洋 HAN Lei;L Chun-wei;WANG Zheng-jun;ZHANG Shuai-kang;LI Yang(Hydraulics Research Department,Heilongjiang Province Hydraulic Research Institute,Harbin 150080,China;School of Water Conservancy and Electric Power,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省水利科学研究院水力学研究所,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学水利电力学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2024年第6期84-90,97,共8页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2019E125)。

摘　　要：竖缝式鱼道隔板、导板的墩头角度是影响其池室水流结构的因素之一。采用数值模拟方法,依据RNGk-ε方程,主要通过改变隔板与导板墩头在迎水面与背水面角度的方式,来研究竖缝式鱼道的水力特性。在不同墩头角度情况下,通过对比相应鱼道池室内的水流流态、流速、紊动能等数据,获得较为适宜的鱼道隔板设计型式。试验结果表明:隔板和导板迎水面墩头角度逐渐增大时,均会导致池室主流逐渐靠近池室一侧边壁;在主流未受到池室边壁的影响时,水流流速整体呈下降趋势;导板迎水面墩头角度变化对池室水流结构影响更大。研究成果可为鱼道优化设计提供数据支撑。The head angle of baffle and guide plate of vertical slot fishway affects the water flow structure in the pool chamber.Based on the the RNGk-εequation,we investigated the hydraulic characteristics of vertical slot fishway by altering the head angles of the baffle and guide plate at upstream and downstream faces in numerical simulation.By comparing water flow patterns,flow velocities,and turbulent kinetic energy data in the pool chamber under varying head angles,we obtained a suitable design for the fishway baffle.The results indicate that as the upstream head angle of the baffle and guide plate increase,the main flow gradually approaches the side wall.When the main flow is unaffected by the side wall,the flow velocity decreases in general.Specifically,the upstream angle of guide plate exerts a more pronounced impact on flow structure in the chamber.These findings offer valuable data to support fishway optimization design.

关 键 词：竖缝式鱼道 水力特性 隔板 导板 墩头角度 数值模拟 鱼道设计 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]