甜玉米自交系重金属Pb、Cd积累差异及分子检测  

Accumulation and Molecular Detection of Pb and Cd in Sweet Corn Inbred Lines

作　　者：李淑君[1] 刘娅娟 张扬[3] 蒲汝民 袁亮[1] 廖长见[3] LI Shujun;LIU Yajuan;ZHANG Yang;PU Rumin;YUAN Liang;LIAO Changjian(Maize Research Institute,Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China;Maize Research Institute,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;Institute of Crop Research,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Fujian Germplasm Resources Center)/Fujian Province Characteristic Dry Crop Variety Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center,Fuzhou,Fujian 350013,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院玉米研究所,重庆401329 [2]四川农业大学玉米研究所,四川成都611130 [3]福建省农业科学院作物研究所(福建省种质资源中心)/福建省特色旱作物品种选育工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2024年第3期251-258,共8页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0226);福建省农业科学院自由探索项目(ZYTS2023004)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选获得在重金属Pb、Cd单一污染及复合污染下Pb、Cd低积累的优良甜玉米自交系,以及可用于甜玉米重金属Pb、Cd积累早代鉴定的分子技术。【方法】以10个甜玉米自交系为供试材料,通过盆栽试验研究重金属Pb、Cd单一污染及Pb、Cd复合污染下,玉米根系、茎叶和籽粒中Pb、Cd含量的积累差异;同时对供试材料ZmHMA2 InDel位点进行Pb、Cd积累差异分子检测,综合分子标记检测与重金属Pb、Cd在不同材料间的积累结果,筛选甜玉米重金属低积累自交系。【结果】无论是单一污染还是复合污染,重金属Pb、Cd的积累规律均表现为根系>茎叶>籽粒;在复合污染下,玉米不同组织对重金属Pb、Cd的积累无明显竞争与协同效应,表明玉米Pb、Cd的积累机制存在一定差异。通过鉴定,获得籽粒Pb低积累玉米自交系2份,籽粒Cd低积累玉米自交系3份,仅有一份材料闽甜系X901表现出籽粒Pb、Cd均低积累。利用InDel位点(InDel2307)对供试材料进行分子检测,结果发现供试材料中有4份存在该位点,含有该位点的材料中根系、茎叶和籽粒Cd含量平均值较其他材料平均值分别低1.801、0.64、0.131 mg·kg^(-1)。【结论】InDel2307位点能将不同玉米自交系按Cd累积量进行区分,对甜玉米Cd含量的区分具有特异性标记。综合分子标记检测与Pb、Cd含量积累结果,筛选出自交系闽甜系X901为Pb、Cd低积累材料。【Objective】Sweet corn inbred lines low in accumulating Pb and Cd were identified,and a molecular detection method for the pollutants examined.【Method】Ten sweet corn inbred lines were tested on Pb and Cd accumulation.In a pot experiment,the heavy metals in roots,stems/leaves,and kernels of the plants grown on soil with spiked Pb and/or Cd were measured over time.Applicability of a molecular detection method on Pb and Cd at the InDel locus of ZmHMA2 in corn plant was scrutinized.【Result】The accumulation of Pb and Cd in organs of a corn plant was roots>stems/leaves>kernels.It did not differ significantly whether the metal elements were presented individually or simultaneously in the soil.Two inbred lines were identified to retain in the kernels less on Pb,3 on Cd,and only Mintian X901 on both Pb and Cd.The targeted molecular detection found InDel 2307 locus in 4 of the specimens,the average content of Cd which contained were 1.801 mg·kg^(-1)lower in the roots,0.64 mg·kg^(-1)lower in the stems/leaves,and 0.131 mg·kg^(-1)lower in the kernels compared to the average of the other varieties.【Conclusion】The InDel 2307 locus as a marker displayed a specificity in differentiating Cd content in corn plants grown on soils contaminated with different levels of the heavy metals.The molecular detection result and the Pb and Cd contents on the 10 sweet corn inbred lines indicated that Mintian X901 was the cultivar least prone to accumulate the pollutants.

关 键 词：重金属 PB污染 CD污染 甜玉米 积累特征 分子检测 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]