典型铅冶炼企业砷锑烟尘资源化制备Sb_(2)O_(3)  

Resourceful preparation of Sb_(2)O_(3) in hazardous As-Sb dust from typical lead smelter

作　　者：李绍雄 孔祥峰 高哲 和玉虹 马保中 杨佳 杨斌 刘大春 LI Shao-xiong;KONG Xiang-feng;GAO Zhe;HE Yu-hong;MA Bao-zhong;YANG Jia;YANG Bin;LIU Da-chun(National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]National Engineering Research Center of Vacuum Metallurgy,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China [2]Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China [3]Yunnan University of Finance and Economics,Kunming 650221,China [4]School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2024年第4期1318-1330,共13页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Foundation item:Project(2022YFC2904204)supported by the National Key R&D Program of China;Projects(52364048,52004115)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Projects(202101BE070001-019,202101AT070116,202001AU070045)supported by the Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects,China;Project(2020)supported by the Yang Bin Scientist Studio of Yunnan Province,China;Project(2022)supported by the Yunnan Talents Support Project,China;Project(202302AB080002)supported by the Yunnan Key S&T Special Projects,China;Project(231100320300)supported by the Henan Key S&T Special Projects,China;Project(KKZ7201952006)supported by the High-level Talent Construction of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China。

摘　　要：砷锑烟尘是铅冶炼企业产生的一种高锑高砷固体粉末,对冶炼区环境构成了重大威胁。如何实现砷锑烟尘的资源化回收和无害化处理,是当前重金属冶炼企业所面临的共性难题。本文提出了一种砷锑烟尘真空气化-冷凝清洁制备Sb_(2)O_(3)的新方法。ICP结果表明,砷锑烟尘经低温、高温两段真空气化-冷凝处理,Sb_(2)O_(3)含量由73.96%升高至91.35%,As元素含量由18.10%降低至6.20%,其余杂质含量占比不超过0.17%。XRD结果表明,锑以Sb_(2)O_(3)形态气化迁移-冷凝,杂质砷以As_(2)O_(3)形态迁移挥发,两物相分离效果显著。SEM和EPMA分析表明,制备出的Sb_(2)O_(3)产品颗粒粒径分布均匀。整个过程废气、废水零排放,无试剂消耗,对铅冶炼企业周边生态环境的影响轻微。Hazardous arsenic antimony dust(HAAD),a perilous by-product with significant antimony and arsenic concentrations generated in lead smelters,poses a substantial environmental threat.The imperative of resource recycling and the innocuous processing of HAAD stand as prevalent challenges and pressing priorities.This study introduces an innovative vacuum vaporization-condensation technique to synthesize Sb_(2)O_(3).ICP analysis evidenced an enhancement in the purity of the Sb_(2)O_(3) product from an initial 73.96%to 91.35%,with a concomitant reduction in As impurities from 18.10%to 6.20%,and residual contaminants approximating 0.17%following a dual-phase vacuum process.XRD assessments affirmed the feasibility of direct Sb_(2)O_(3) synthesis via vapor-phase migration and condensate amalgamation,achieving substantial As_(2)O_(3) impurity diminution.SEM and EPMA observations underscored a homogenous particulate morphology in the refined Sb_(2)O_(3).This methodology underscores its environmental compatibility,characterized by zero gaseous effluent,absence of wastewater expulsion,and elimination of reagent usage,thereby mitigating environmental detriments.

关 键 词：重金属处理 锑 砷 危险废物 铅冶炼 清洁利用 

分 类 号：X70[环境科学与工程—环境工程]