重金属污染与生态风险评价——基于自组织地图和正矩阵分解的临澧县土壤研究  

Heavy metal pollution and ecological risk assessment: A study on Linli County soils based on self-organizing map and positive factorization approaches

作　　者：邹昊 李武清 任伯帜 谢青 蔡昭奇 陈禄源 王瑾 ZOU Hao;LI Wu-qing;REN Bo-zhi;XIE Qing;CAI Zhao-qi;CHEN Lu-yuan;WANG Jin(School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;Institute of Geological Survey of Hunan Province,Changsha 410083,China;School of Resource Security,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;School of Earth Science and Spatial Information,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China;College of Foreign Languages,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China)

机构地区：[1]School of Civil Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China [2]Institute of Geological Survey of Hunan Province,Changsha 410083,China [3]School of Resource Security,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China [4]School of Earth Science and Spatial Information,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,China [5]College of Foreign Languages,Hunan University,Changsha 410082,China

出　　处：《Journal of Central South University》2024年第4期1371-1382,共12页中南大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：Project(41973078)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China;Project(2022SK2073)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China。

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染一直是环境科学中备受关注的问题。本文对中国临澧县土壤中六种重金属(As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn和Pb)的污染水平、分布、来源及其对生态环境的影响进行了分析。样本浓度分析结果显示Cd的浓度均超过背景值,超标率达到100%,其余元素的平均浓度与背景值相近,超标率均在13.5%以下。地累计指数和富集因子指数均显示Cd是污染最严重的元素,其他元素则处于轻度污染级别以下。自组织地图(SOM)和正矩阵分解(PMF)的分析结果显示农业活动是土壤中重金属元素主要来源之一,而自然风化和工业污染也会导致土壤污染。Cd是临澧县土壤中污染最显著的元素,对生态环境造成的影响最大,达到较高风险等级。本研究为降低土壤重金属污染和生态环境风险提供了重要参考,同时也为相关部门制定有效的污染防治、生态环境保护政策提供了理论指导。This study analyzed the pollution level,distribution,sources,and ecological impact of six heavy metals(As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Zn and Pb)in soil from Linli County,China.The concentration analysis showed that the concentration of Cd in all samples exceeded the background value,and the exceeding rate reached 100%,while the average concentrations of other elements were similar to the background value,and the exceeding rate was under 15%.The pollution level of Cd was the most severe according to geo-accumulation index and enrichment factor,while other elements were under mild pollution level.The results of self-organizing map(SOM)and positive matrix factorization(PMF)analysis showed that agricultural activities were one of the main sources of heavy metal elements in soil,and natural weathering and industrial pollution could also lead to soil pollution.Cd appeared to be the most significant pollutant element in the soil of Linli County,and it had the largest impact on the ecological environment.Overall,this study provides guidance for soil pollution control and related policies,aiming to reduce the pollution of heavy metal elements in soil and the hazards to the ecological system caused by agricultural production and industrial activities.

关 键 词：生态风险 正矩阵分解 重金属污染 土壤 自组织地图 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]