红树林沉积物聚乙烯降解菌的筛选和降解特性  

Screening and Characterization of Polyethylene-Degrading Bacteria from Mangrove Sediments

作　　者：卫婉 聂芳红[2] 张敏[1] 林红英[1] 魏云丽 吕广洲 照那木拉 康丹菊 HAY Anthony GOONERATNE Ravi 陈进军[1] WEI Wan;NIE Fanghong;ZHANG Min;LIN Hongying;WEI Yunli;LYU Guangzhou;Zhaonamula;KANG Danju;HAY Anthony;GOONERATNE Ravi;CHEN Jinjun(College of Coastal Agriculture,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China;Department of Microbiology,Cornell University,Ithaca,NY 14853,USA;Department of Wine,Food and Molecular Biosciences,Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences,Lincoln University,Lincoln 7647,New Zealand)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088 [2]广东海洋大学食品科技学院,广东湛江524088 [3]Department of Microbiology,Cornell University,USA Ithaca NY 14853 [4]Department of Wine,Food and Molecular Biosciences,Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences,Lincoln University,New Zealand Lincoln 7647

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2024年第3期143-149,共7页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：广东省促进经济高质量发展专项资金海洋经济发展项目(GDOE2019A52);广东省研究生教育创新计划(230420081)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究湛江市麻章区红树林沉积物中微生物对聚乙烯(PE)塑料的降解特性,丰富红树林塑料降解菌种类。【方法】在湛江市麻章区红树林的高、中、低潮带随机选取9个样点,并采用五点采样法从红树林表层2~5 cm的沉积物中取样。将采集到的沉积物样本在以聚乙烯为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基中进行富集、分离、纯化,以筛选出能够降解PE的菌株,并通过显微形态分析、分子鉴定等方法确定其种属;通过测定生长曲线、失重率、以及分析官能团变化来验证菌株对PE塑料的降解性能。【结果与结论】从沉积物中共筛选出K1-1、K1-2和K1-3三株PE降解能力较强的菌,分别为威尼斯不动杆菌(Acinetobacter venetianus)、Pseudomonas juntendi和维德曼芽孢杆菌(Bacillus wiedmannii)。在120 d的培养周期中,这些菌株的生长曲线均呈抛物线形态。经三株菌作用后,PE表面生成羟基,并形成氨基和羟基化合物,羟基取代羰基,导致PE表观和内部结构明显改变。经120 d处理后,PE膜的失重率分别为6.42%、5.38%和5.73%,其中K1-1菌株处理后PE塑料的失重率相较于目前报道的红树林沉积物中最高降解效率菌株Bacillus gottheilii处理后塑料的失重率提升3.55%。威尼斯不动杆菌(A.venetianus)在PE塑料降解上具有一定潜力,这丰富了湛江红树林沉积物中PE降解菌的种类,为PE塑料的生物降解提供理论支持。【Objective】To explore the degradation characteristics of Polyethylene(PE)plastics by microorganisms in mangrove sediments in Mazhang District of Zhanjiang City,and to enrich mangrove plastic degradation bacteria.【Method】Nine samples were randomly selected from the high,middle,and low tide zones of mangroves in Mazhang District of Zhanjiang City,and a 5-point sampling method was used to sample the sediments from 2-5 cm deep soil layers of mangroves.The collected sediment samples were enriched,separated,and purified in the inorganic salt medium with polyethylene as the only carbon source to screen out strains capable of degrading PE,and their species were determined by means of microscopic morphological analysis and molecular identification.The degradation performance of the microplastics was verified by measuring the growth curve,weight loss rate,and analysis of functional group changes.【Result and Conclusion】Three strains of PE-degrading bacteria,K1-1,K1-2 and K1-3,were selected from the sediments.They were Acinetobacter venetianus,Pseudomonas juntendi,and Bacillus wiedmannii.The growth curve of these strains was parabolic during the 120 d culture cycle.After the action of the three strains,a hydroxyl group was formed on the surface of PE,and amino and hydroxyl compounds were formed.The hydroxyl group replaces the carbonyl group,resulting in obvious changes in the apparent and internal structures of PE.After 120 days of treatment,the weight losses of PE were 6.42%,5.38%and 5.73%,respectively.The weight loss rate of strain K1-1 increased by 3.55%compared with that of strain Bacillus gottheilii,which had the highest degradation efficiency in mangrove sediments.This discovery confirmed the potential of A.venetianus for the degradation of PE plastics,enriched the species of PE-degrading bacteria in mangrove sediments in Zhanjiang,and provided technical support for the biodegradation of PE plastics.

关 键 词：红树林沉积物 聚乙烯塑料 降解菌 降解性能 

分 类 号：S815.2[农业科学—畜牧学]