不同试剂对萝卜种子消毒效果的影响  

Disinfection effects of different reagents on radish seeds

作　　者：邓心怡 秦玉芝[2] 周倩 DENG Xinyi;QING Yuzhi;ZHOU Qian(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Control and Utilization,College of Plant Protection,HunanAgricultural University,Changsha 410125,China;College of Horticulture,HunanAgricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学植物保护学院/植物疾病控制与利用湖南省高校重点实验室,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2024年第2期238-242,共5页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2021YFD1600300-4-4)。

摘　　要：【目的】建立一种简单易行、消毒效果良好且不影响种子萌发的消毒方法。【方法】采用平板抑菌试验和种子萌发试验,比较了NaClO、CuSO4、NaOH、Na3PO4对萝卜种子的消毒效果及对种子萌发的影响。分别用1%NaClO、1%CuSO4、2%NaOH、10%Na3PO4加1%SDS对萝卜种子进行消毒,并计算抑菌率、发芽率和发芽势。并用84消毒液替代NaClO,洗洁精替代SDS分别对萝卜、番茄和甜瓜的种子进行消毒。【结果】1%NaClO加1%SDS的消毒效果好,且不影响种子萌发。NaClO和SDS在日常生活中较难购买,且固体的NaClO和SDS易吸潮变质不易保存,因此用84消毒液替代NaClO,洗洁精替代SDS对种子进行消毒。先按说明稀释84消毒液,加入1滴黄豆大小(约0.05mL)的洗洁精混匀,再将蔬菜种子浸泡10min后捞出,清水冲洗3次,同样可以达到理想的种子消毒效果。【结论】建立了一种简便易行、实用经济的蔬菜种子消毒方法,即使用常见市售84消毒液和洗洁精替代市面不常见的NaClO和SDS来进行种子消毒,既能有效杀灭种子表面的病原物又不影响种子萌发。[Objective]In order to establish a simple and effective seeds disinfection method without affecting seeds’germination.[Method]In this study,radish seeds were used to compare the disinfection effects of NaClO,CuSO4,NaOH and Na3PO4 as well as the effects on seeds’germination.The antibacterial rates,germination rates and germination potentials were calculated after radish seeds were disinfected with 1%NaClO,1%CuSO4,2%NaOH and 10%Na3PO4(adding 1%SDS),respectively.The seeds of radish,tomato and melon were disinfected with the use of 84 disinfectant instead of NaClO,and dish detergent instead of SDS.[Result]1%NaClO adding 1%SDS had good disinfection effects and did not inhibit seeds’germination.Because NaClO and SDS were unavailable in daily life,and the solid NaClO and SDS were easy to absorb moisture to deteriorate,84 disinfectant was used instead of NaClO,and dish detergent instead of SDS,to disinfect seeds.Diluting 84 disinfectant according to the instructions,and 50 mL diluted 84 disinfectant adding 1 drop(about 0.05 mL)of dish detergent the final concentration was 0.01%to mix well,soaking the seeds in the solution for 10 min,and then rinsing with clean water for 3 times,could also achieve ideal disinfection effects on vegetable seeds.[Conclusion]A simple,practical and economical method of disinfecting vegetable seeds was established by using 84 disinfectant and dish detergent instead of NaClO and SDS,which could effectively kill the pathogens on the surface of seeds and did not affect the seeds’germination.

关 键 词：种传病害 种子消毒 84消毒液 洗洁精 

分 类 号：S631.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]