推-拉技术对松材线虫病防控效果研究  

Studies of the prevention and control effect of push-and-pull techniques on Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

作　　者：江雪峰 陈凤毛[2] 柴演初 徐明[3] 许嘉麟 柴忠心 JIANG Xuefeng;CHEN Fengmao;CHAI Yanchu;XU Ming;XU Jiain;CHAI Zhongxin(Forestry Pest Control and Quarantine Station of Xiuning County,Huangshan,Anhui 245499,China;Co-Innovation Center for the Modern Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Jiangsu Academy of Forestry,Nanjing 210053,China;Nanjing Shengxing Pest Control Technology Co.,LTD.,Nanjing 211112,China)

机构地区：[1]休宁县林业有害生物防治检疫站,安徽黄山245499 [2]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [3]江苏省林业科学研究院,江苏南京210053 [4]南京生兴有害生物防治技术股份有限公司,江苏南京211112

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2024年第2期243-248,共6页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：国家林业和草原局重点研发项目(GLM[2021]64号)。

摘　　要：【目的】在林间连年设置6种引诱剂和5种驱避剂,使用推-拉技术,比较和实现其对松褐天牛成虫和松材线虫病的防控效果。【方法】拟利用课题组开发的驱避剂和引诱剂,把松褐天牛成虫驱赶(推)到适当位置,再用引诱剂(拉)集中消灭,大量诱杀松褐天牛及其携带的病原松材线虫,实现对松材线虫病的精准防控,保护松树免受其危害。【结果】复配引诱剂SY1和SY4对林间松褐天牛成虫的引诱效果最好,且无显著差异,引诱率分别达64.41%和66.29%。2019—2021年使用的复配驱避剂对天牛成虫的林间驱避率分别为81.82%、73.74%和74.30%,显著高于单剂的驱避效果(53.85%、60.75%和61.70%,F0.01=11.3),说明复配驱避剂对松褐天牛成虫有显著的林间驱避效果。随着林间连年使用复配驱避剂把松褐天牛驱赶(推)到一定区域,驱避剂挂设点20 m外东南西北四向的引诱剂诱捕器诱捕(拉)大量天牛成虫,同时结合连年彻底清理病死树,使3年的驱避剂点外平均每诱捕器诱捕松褐天牛成虫数分别为(149.33±19.43)、(23.88±5.52)和(7.17±2.00)头,林间天牛成虫的虫口密度大幅降低。林间松树平均病死率逐年降低,分别为(12.70±3.20)%、(7.30±2.40)%和(5.30±2.20)%。【结论】通过林间推-拉技术的成功实施,大量诱杀了林间松褐天牛成虫,减少了病害的传播原,大幅降低林间的病死树率,实现了对松材线虫病的有效防控。[Objective]The method of push-and-pull the techniques,which is set up six attractants and five repellents,so as to compare and realize the control effects on the adults of Monochamus alternatus and the pine wood nematode disease(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).[Method]The developed repellents and attractants were used to drive(push)the adult pine beetles to the appropriate location,and then the attractants were used to kill a large number of pine beetles and the pathogenic pine wood nematodes,so as to achieve the precise prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease and protect pines from its harm.[Result]The 3-year experiment in the forests found that:The attractants SY1 and SY4 had the highest attractant effects on the adults of M.alternatus.Compared with CK,the attractant rates were 64.41%and 66.29%,respectively.Each attractant had a strong attractant effect in the forest.3-year effects of compound repellents on the adults of M.alternatus were 81.82%,73.74%and 74.30%,respectively,in the forest,which were significantly higher than that of the single repellent(53.85%,60.75%and 61.70%,F0.01=11.3),indicating that the compound repellents could significantly improve the repellent effects on the adults of M.alternates.The use of three years in succession of the compound repellents drove(pushed)the adults of M.alternatus to a certain area in the forest.In hanging points,20 m away from the south,east,north&west direction,4 or more traps of attractants were set to attract(pull)M.alternatus adults and clean up dead pine trees at the same time in the forest.The average numbers of adult beetles captured by traps from the repellent points in three years were 149.33±19.43,23.88±5.52 and 7.17±2.00 per trap,and the density of adults of M.alternatus in the forest decreased significantly.The average dead tree rates of pine trees in the forest were 12.70±3.20%,7.30±2.40%and 5.30±2.20%.[Conclusion]Through the successful implementation of the push-pull technique,a large number of adults of M.alternatus were killed in the f

关 键 词：松褐天牛 松材线虫病 推-拉技术 引诱剂 驱避剂 

分 类 号：S763.38[农业科学—森林保护学]