两种不同生境条件下刺萼龙葵的化防策略研究  

A study on chemical control strategies of Solanum rostratum under two different habitat conditions

作　　者：李霄峰 王俊仙 肖占国 韩景豹 王嘉惺 LI Xiaofeng;WANG Junxian;XIAO Zhanguo;HAN Jingbao;WANG Jiaxing(Zhangjiakou Agricultural Environment and Agricultural Product Quality Management Station,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 075000,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Huai’an County,Huaian,Hebei 076150,China;Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Wanquan District,Zhangjiakou,Hebei 076250,China;Hebei Main Station of Agricultural Environmental Protection&Monitoring,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050000,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业环境与农产品质量管理站,河北张家口075000 [2]怀安县农业农村局,河北怀安076150 [3]万全区农业农村局,河北张家口076250 [4]河北省农业环境保护监测总站,河北石家庄050000

出　　处：《生物灾害科学》2024年第2期284-290,共7页Biological Disaster Science

基　　金：河北省重大外来入侵植物综合防控技术应用及推广项目。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨在草地和耕地两种生境条件下对刺萼龙葵进行化学防控的策略,检验其防控效果。【方法】于2020年4—10月在刺萼龙葵发生区模拟草地和耕地两种生境条件,使用草甘膦、苯磺隆、氯氟吡氧乙酸和烟嘧﹒莠等药剂进行化防处理,观察比较不同药剂的末期防效。【结果】在草地生境条件下,进行两次化防后,苯磺隆和氯氟吡氧乙酸的鲜重防效可达到97.39%和98%,显著高于草甘膦的64.87%;在耕地生境下,烟嘧·莠和氯氟吡氧乙酸结合玉米的替代作用对刺萼龙葵的鲜重防效分别达到99%和100%。【结论】在草地生境中进行化学防除,要特别注意背景植物的作用,不建议使用草甘膦等灭生性除草剂,而应使用苯磺隆等长效选择性除草剂;在耕地生境中防治刺萼龙葵,推荐种植玉米并使用烟嘧·莠或氯氟吡氧乙酸等选择性除草剂,可取得较好的综合防效。[Objective]This study aimed to make better chemical control strategy of Solanum rostratum under two different habitat conditions.[Method]An experiment was conducted in agriculture fields to simulate the habitat conditions in the occurrence area of Solanum rostratum in April to October 2020.Glyphosate,tribenuron-methyl,chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid and nicosulfuron-atrazine were used for chemical control,and the annual control efficacy of different pesticides were observed and compared.[Result]The control efficacy of the fresh weight of tribenuron-methyl and chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid could reach 97.39%and 98%,respectively,after twice chemical control under the grassland habitat condition,which was significantly higher than that of glyphosate(64.87%).In the farmland environment,the control efficacy of fresh weight of nicosulfuron-atrazine and chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid on Solanum rostratum could reach 99%and 100%after once chemical control after planting maize.[Conclusion]Researches have shown that chemical control in the grassland habitat should focus on the long-term effects of background plants.It is not a good choice to use sterilant herbicides such as glyphosate,but to use the long-term selective herbicides such as tribenuron-methyl or chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid.In the farmland habitat,it is recommended to plant maize and use selective herbicides such as nicosulfuron-atrazine or chlorofluoropyroxyacetic acid to control Solanum rostratum to achieve better comprehensive control efficacy.

关 键 词：刺萼龙葵 化学防控 防效 生境类型 

分 类 号：S45[农业科学—植物保护]